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Esthetic > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Skin histology

A

Microscopic study of the skins tissue

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2
Q

Integumentary system

A

The skin and its layers

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3
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of the skin, it’s structure, functions, diseases, and treatment

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4
Q

Tiny openings that allow sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin are called:

A

Pores

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5
Q

A complex mixture of fatty acids that keeps the skin soft, supple and pliable is known as:

A

Sebum

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6
Q

Skin physiology

A

Study of the skins functions

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7
Q

Skin-know as the protective layer

A

Epidermis

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8
Q

The epidermis is primarily composed of

A

Keratinocytes

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9
Q

Toughest layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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10
Q

Keratinocytes on the surface of the skin remain tightly interconnected by intercellular connections called

A

Desmosomes

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11
Q

“Spiny” irregularly shaped cells are located in the:

A

Stratum spinosum

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12
Q

The layer of skin in which the cells are most regularly shaped and resemble many tiny granules is the:

A

Stratum granulosum

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13
Q

A strong protein substance that, when broken down, form bundles that strengthen and give structure to the skin is:

A

Collagen

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14
Q

Referred to as the “true skin”

A

Dermis

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15
Q

Not a receptor of sensation in the dermal layer of the skin

A

Mast cells

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16
Q

What do sudoriferous-glands produce?

A

Sweat

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17
Q

Apocrine glands are not located on:

A

Feet

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18
Q

Eccrine glands are not abundant in this area:

A

Underarm area

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19
Q

What is the male hormone that influences the production of sebum

A

Androgen

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20
Q

What is the structure that insulates and acts as a shock absorber to protect the bones

A

Subcutaneous layer

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21
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue that holds bones to other bones to form joints

A

Ligaments

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22
Q

Not a form of tissue found in the skin

A

Keratinocytes

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23
Q

Not a type of sensory cell

A

Microphages

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24
Q

The removal of dead skin that stimulates new cell growth is called

A

Exfoliation

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25
Q

Not a factor of skin absorption

A

Hair follicles

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26
Q

Refers to a change in structure of the skin tissue

A

Lesion

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27
Q

Which secondary lesion is a dried mass that is the remains of an oozing sore

A

Crust

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28
Q

A hereditary rash, or an inflammation of the skin, characterized by dry, sensitive, irritated skin is called

A

Atopic dermatitis

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29
Q

An allergic reaction that produces an eruption of wheals is known as

A

Hives

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30
Q

Highly contagious viral infection that causes an eruptive, blister-like cluster

A

Herpes simplex

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31
Q

Warts are not commonly found where:

A

Legs

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32
Q

A chronic inflammatory condition of the face in which the small capillaries of the face become dilated and inflamed is called

A

Rosacea

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33
Q

What does not cause acne

A

Eating too much chocolate

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34
Q

What is another name for a whitehead

A

Closed comedo

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35
Q

Not a myth for acne

A

Acne can be cleared up

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36
Q

An ingredient used to dry, exfoliate and help in killing bacteria

A

Benzoyl peroxide

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37
Q

A foul smelling perspiration caused by yeast and bacteria that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin is called

A

Bromidrosis

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38
Q

Small elevated growths that can easily be removed by a physician

A

Skin tags

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39
Q

What is a congenital disease that results in the failur of the skin to produce melanin

A

Albinism

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40
Q

A birthmark or congenital mole is called

A

Nevus

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41
Q

A freckle is called an

A

Lentigo

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42
Q

A term used to identify a rapid onset of an intense and severe condition

A

Acute

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43
Q

The term used to describe symptoms that are frequent and continuing is

A

Chronic

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44
Q

A swelling of tissue or skin caused by an excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues is called

A

Edema

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45
Q

Which of the following is the term for the buildup of skin cells on the epidermis

A

Keratosis

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46
Q

An inflammation in the skin that causes severe itching, usually on undamaged skin, is known as:

A

Pruritis

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47
Q

Which of the following describes a disease that is active internally throughout the body system

A

Systemic disease

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48
Q

6 primary functions of the skin

A

Protection,secretion,regulation,absorption,excretion,sensation

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49
Q

Toughest layer of epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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50
Q

Medical term predicting the probable course and outcome of a condition,disorder, or disease

A

Prognosis

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51
Q

An inheritable disease that can be triggered by environmental factors

A

Psoriasis

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52
Q

The body’s cushioning acts as a shock absorber and insulator

A

Subcontaneous layer

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53
Q

Complex mixture of fatty substances that keeps the skin soft, supple and pliable

A

Sebum

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54
Q

Fights infections

A

Microphage

55
Q

Recognizes antigen and assists in destroying them

A

T-cells

56
Q

Common myth, cause of acne

A

Eating chocolate causes acne

57
Q

Allows sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin

A

Pores

58
Q

Lowest layer of epidermis, contains basal cells

A

Stratum germinativum

59
Q

Inflammation that causes severe itching, usually on undamaged skin

A

Pruritus

60
Q

Fluid filled elevation in skin caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis

A

Vesicle or blister

61
Q

Produce pigment granules that give color to the skin

A

Melanocytes located in germinativum

62
Q

Process of absorption into the skin

A

Transdermal penetration

63
Q

What do sebaceous glands produce

A

Sebum

64
Q

Sudoriferous glands produce a mixture of water, urea, electrolytes and lactic acid

A

Sweat

65
Q

Caused by pathogenic bacteria or virus entering the body or skin and multiplying to the point of interfering with the body’s natural state

A

Infection

66
Q

What is not a pigmentation disorder

A

Anhidrosis

67
Q

Granules or dying cells on their way to the skins surface

A

Stratum granulosum

68
Q

Condition caused by excess secretion on the sebaceous gland

A

Seborrhea

69
Q

Tri-color yeast infection, non-contagious hypo pigmented

A

Tinea versicolor

70
Q

Oily skin rash, scaly pinkish-yellow patches

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

71
Q

Light pressure and cold receptors

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

72
Q

Study of the cause of diseases, disorders or conditions

A

Etiology

73
Q

Swelling of tissue or skin caused by an excessive accumulation of the fluid in the tissue

A

Edema

74
Q

Holds bone to bone

A

Ligaments

75
Q

The two layers of the dermis

A

Papillary and reticular

76
Q

Carry lymph

A

Lymphocytes

77
Q

The build up of skin cells on the epidermis

A

Keratosis

78
Q

Chronic inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands

A

Acne

79
Q

Painful infection of a hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue

A

Furuncle or boil

80
Q

A group of inherited conditions that results in the failure of skin to produce melanin

A

Albinism

81
Q

Moderate acne that has an increased number of open and closed comedones as well as an occasional papule or pustule

A

Type 2 acne

82
Q

Fungal infection affecting the trunk, legs or arms, characterized by a pink to red rash and itching

A

Tinea corporis

83
Q

What layer contains intercellular connections

A

Stratum spinosum

84
Q

Regular shape, are skin-colored or brown, flat or raised and are symmetrical

A

Benign growths or moles

85
Q

Chronic inflammatory condition of the face in which the small capillaries of the face become dilated and inflamed

A

Rosacea

86
Q

Touch receptors or sensory cells

A

Merkel cells

87
Q

Transparent layer that lies between the stratum corneum and stratum granulosum

A

Stratum luciderm

88
Q

Dried mass that is the remains of an oozing sore

A

Crust

89
Q

What is the largest waste removal system

A

The skin

90
Q

Makes up the fingernails and hair

A

Hard keratin

91
Q

In what layer is the basal layer located in

A

Stratum germinativum

92
Q

An open lesion visible on the surface of the skin that may result in the loss of portions of the dermis and may be accompanied by pus

A

Ulcer

93
Q

Highly contagious viral infection that lies dormant between outbreaks

A

Herpes simplex

94
Q

An acute burning, itching rash, caused by excessive heat

A

Miliaria rubra

95
Q

A disease that is active internally throughout the body system

A

Systemic disease

96
Q

The chemical conversion of living cells into dead protein cells

A

Keratinization

97
Q

Sweat glands located throughout the entire body and are most abundant on the forehead, the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, what is it and what process of the skin

A

Eccrin glands; thermo regulation

98
Q

Dry scaly skin caused by reduced sebum production

A

Xerosis or asteatosis

99
Q

Adipose primarily composes this layer

A

Subcontaneous layer

100
Q

Squamous cells protect the layers below the _______

A

Stratum corneum

101
Q

Outermost layer of the skin

A

Epidermis

102
Q

Connect the dermis to the epidermis

A

Hemidesmosomes

103
Q

Common disorder in pregnant women which results in increased pigmentation

A

Chloasma

104
Q

A substance that causes an allergy

A

Allergen

105
Q

The skin and its layers

A

Integumentary system

106
Q

Irregular, crusted,red papule that occurs in sun exposed areas and may be an actinic keratosis that went untreated

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

107
Q

The substance that binds, adds structural strength and mediates biochemical interactions between cells

A

Intercellular cement

108
Q

Like the sweat glands and subaceous glands in the skin, __________ release their secretions into ducts; deposits on surface of skin

A

Exocrine glands

109
Q

Cells that respond to allergies by releasing small granules called histamine a

A

Mast cells

110
Q

Harmless sebaceous cyst filled with sebum, which is considered a tumor of the sebaceous gland

A

Steatoma

111
Q

Crack or line in the skin that may penetrate as deep as the dermis

A

Fissure

112
Q

A pore can contain a ________, or an opening that contains the root of a hair within it

A

Hair follicle

113
Q

Viral infections on the top layer of the skin that are caused by HPV

A

Warts or verruca

114
Q

Removal of dead skin

A

Exfoliation

115
Q

Release secretion into the blood and are known as ductless glands

A

Endocrine glands

116
Q

Known as a freckle, small yellowish to brownish spot on the skin

A

Lentigo

117
Q

This layer is thicker on the hands and feet

A

Stratum lucidum

118
Q

Foreign substances known as ________ provoke an immune response in the body

A

Antigens

119
Q

Small inflamed elevation, filled with bacterial fluid and pus

A

Pustule

120
Q

Cells which cover and protect the inside of the body

A

Epithelial cells

121
Q

Skin deterioration caused by external factors within an individual’s control

A

Extrinsic aging

122
Q

Shedding of dead skin cells of the uppermost layer of the epidermis

A

Scale

123
Q

Common malignant lesions that tend to appear translucent, have irregular borders and tiny blood vessels running through them

A

Basal cell carcinoma

124
Q

Two or more types of tissue connect together to make up various ________ of the body

A

Organs

125
Q

What is another term for wart

A

Verruca

126
Q

True/false

Eccrine glands are located under the arms

A

False

127
Q

What are the 5 receptors of the skin

A

Free nerve endings, meissner’s corpuscles, Ruffini’s corpuscles,pacinian corpuscles, krause’s end bulbs

128
Q

A solid formation above the skin, often cause by insect bits or an allergic reaction

A

Wheal

129
Q

Where are mast cells located

A

The dermis

130
Q

What is the lowest layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum germinativum

131
Q

There are no __________ found in the epidermis, which receives nourishment from the layer below it

A

Blood vessels

132
Q

Densely packed clear keratin

A

Whorls

133
Q

Deep pressure and pain receptors

A

Pacinian corpuscles

134
Q

Abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous liquid or semi-solid substance

A

Cyst

Esthetic (8 decks)

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