Chapter 4 Flashcards
Study of small living organisms called microbes
Microbiology
Dirty
Contaminated
Germs or microbes, are one-celled, microorganisms
Bacteria
Disease producing bacteria
Pathogenic
Nondisease-producing bacteria
Nonpathogenic
Nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter
Saprophytes
The study of bacteria
Bacteriology
Spherical or round-shaped bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups
Cocci
Pus-forming bacterial cells that for grape-like bunches or clusters and are present in abscesses,pustules, and boils.
Staphylococci
Pus forming,form in long chains, can cause septicemia
Streptococci
Grow in pairs, can cause infections such as pneumonia
Diplococci
Most common bacterial cell, bar/rod shaped, produce a variety of diseases (tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever,tuberculosis and diptheria)
Bacilla
Spiraled, coiled, corkscrew shaped; cause highly contagious diseases such as syphilis and cholera
Spirilla
Vegetative state, bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly
Active stage
Unfavorable conditions, cells die or become inactive
Inactive stage
Hair-like projections that move the cells using a wave-like motion
Flagella
Hair-like projections, found in the cells, used to move cells with a wave-like motion
Cillia
Sub-microscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts
Virus
Personal service workers; information released to estheticians by cdc
PSW
Highly infectious disease that affects the liver
HBV
Life-threatening viral disease
HIV
Highly infectious disease caused by HIV, interferes with the body’s natural immune system and causes it to break down
AIDS
Organisms that feed and grow on other living organisms, contribute nothing to their host and cause contagious diseases
External parasites
Growth of a parasitic organism within the body
Infection
Microorganisms of an infection, include viruses, bacteria,protozoa, and fungi
Pathogens
Transmitted through blood or bodily fluids and cause infectious diseases
Blood Borne pathogens
Airborne pathogens that can travel through the air and can be transmitted from one person to another through casual contact
Contagious infection/ communicable disease
Contagious and potentially fatal infection caused by airborne bacteria that first affect the lungs
Tuberculosis
Caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body’s normal state
Infectious disease
Cause infection and are communicable by casual contact
Contagious disease
Present in a small, confined area often indicated by a pus-filled boil, pimple or inflammation
Local infection
Infection occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body
General/ systemic infection
Using consistent infection-control procedures for all clients
Universal precautions
The body’s ability to destroy infectious agents that enter it
Immunity
Partially inherited, natural resistance to disease
Natural immunity
Occurs through vaccinations, or the injection of antigens
Passive immunity
The term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill microbes
Infection control
When bacteria is spread by contaminated equipment,surfaces, or food
Cross-contamination
The ability to produce results, or effectiveness
Efficacy
Infection control involving low-level destruction of surface bacteria
Sanitation
Process of eliminating bacteria, viruses and most organisms on inanimate non-porous surfaces
Disinfection
Form required by OSHA that provides information on specific products regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels and storage
Material Safety Data Sheets
Organization in charge of approving the efficacy of products used for infection control
Environmental Protection Agency
Hospital level disinfectant; fungicidal, germicidal, pseudomonocidal, virucidal
Broad-spectrum disinfectant
Procedure that eliminates all living organisms on non-porous surfaces, including spores
Sterilization
Non-invasive implements used to perform treatments
Critical objects
Adjustment of settings on a piece of equipment so that it operates safely to manufacturer instructions
Calibration
Machine that utilizes UV light to kill bacteria in a dry setting
Ultraviolet sterilizer
Pressurized, steam-heated piece of equipment that sterilizes objects with high pressure and heat
Autoclave
Sterilizes surgical instruments with high-pressure, high-temperature water vapor, alcohol and formaldehyde vapor
Chemiclave
Make contact with intact skin, need to be sterilized
Non-critical objects
May make contact with mucous membranes or skin that is not intact, need to be disinfected
Semi-critical objects
Minor burn that affects the out layer of skin; pain, swelling, and redness
First degree burn
Burn affected both the epidermis and underlying dermis; pain, swelling, redness, blisters
Second degree burn
Destroys all layers of skin and damages underlying tissue, including nerves
Third degree burn
Person that carries disease-producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms of the disease
Asymptomatic carrier
Fungi that require keratin for growth; cause superficial infections of the skin,hair and nails
Dermatophytes
Ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process
Motility
Diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms; single-called organisms with animal-like behaviors
Protozoa
Quaternary ammonium cations; antimicrobial activity believed to act by disrupting the cell membrane. Used to sanitize
QUATS
