Chapter 8 Flashcards
shanty towns
makeshift communities that have grown up around urban centres with rapidly increasing populations in developing countries. Shanty towns are usually built by squatters on land they do not own from whatever materials they can find.
urban situation
describes the relationship between a city and its wider surroundings, including landforms, population and economic patterns.
urban sprawl
the tendency of unplanned or poorly planned cities to spread into the surrounding countryside and agricultural areas through the creation of suburbs.
sustainable cities
urban centres where decisions made do not degrade the quality of life for future inhabitants. Qualities found in sustainable cities include effective public transportation, workplaces near residences, affordable housing, effective infrastructure, parks, green spaces, and the use of alternative energies.
traditional economy
an economy in which most people work in primary industries such as farming and fishing and very few people are involved in manufacturing and services. Initially, all countries start at this stage of economic development
subsistence agriculture
a form of agriculture in which crops or livestock are raised for consumption by the farmers rather than for sale. This type of farming is less productive so it is difficult for countries with mostly subsistence farmers to increase their overall standard of living.
developing economy
an economy that is moving from being a traditional economy by adopting more mechanized production methods and more services.
developed economy
an economy like Canada’s that has a large service sector, manufacturing, trade, and diverse sources of income.
non-renewable resource
natural resources that can only be used once like petroleum, coal, and minerals.
renewable resources
natural resources that regenerate over time, such as trees.
sustainable development
a method of using resources and land without negatively affecting their future use. In other words, living in such a way that does not do harm to others, now and in future.
Economic disparity
marked difference between the way people are able to live
What is the purpose of the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI)?
to rank nations according to their citizens’ quality of life
What is an example of work performed by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)?
supplying agricultural technology to impoverished countries
