Chapter 8

Question 0

List and describe the phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle, including the three phases of interphase.

Answer 0

• G1 phase growth phase
• S phase copying the DNA
• G2 phase division preparation begins
• M phase the chromosomes are lined up and the spindle fibers grab them and pull then apart
• C phase the cytoplasm divides creating the two daughter cells

Question 1

How does a dividing bacterial cell ensure that one copy of the chromosome goes to each daughter cell?

Answer 1

A new plasma membrane and cell wall is added between the two copies of DNA

Question 2

Distinguish between a homologue and a sister chromatid.

Answer 2

Homologous chromosomes are not identical but have the same function
Sister chromatids are identical

Question 3

discuss the function nucleosome.

Answer 3

They help compact the chromosome

Question 4

Why does DNA coiling require positively charged histone proteins?

Answer 4

Because DNA is negative

Question 5

How are cytokinesis in plants and animals different?

Answer 5

Animal cells are pinched off by a cleavage furrow

Plant cells are cut off by a cell plate the forms in the center

Question 6

Describe the role that programmed cell death plays in the life of a human individual.

Answer 6

In human embryos the hands and feet form as paddles so the cells in this skin dies