Chapter 8 Flashcards
- Alter Identities
a. In a person with dissociative identity disorder, personalities other than the host personality.
- Conversion Disorder
a. Pattern in which symptoms of some physical malfunction or loss of control appear without any underlying organic pathology; originally called hysteria.
- Depersonalization
a. Temporary loss of sense of one’s own self and one’s own reality.
- Depersonalization/Derealization disorder
a. Dissociative disorder in which episodes of depersonalization and derealization become persistent and recurrent.
- Derealization
a. Experience in which the external world is perceived as distorted and lacking a stable and palpable existence.
- Dissociative Amnesia
a. Psychogenically caused memory failure.
- Dissociative Disorders
a. Conditions involving a disruption in an individual’s normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, or identity.
- Dissociative Fugue
a. A dissociative amnesic state in which the person is not only amnesic for some or all aspects of his or her past but also departs from home surroundings.
- Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
a. Condition in which a person manifests at least two or more distinct identities or personality states that alternate in some way in taking control of behavior. Formerly called multiple personality disorder.
- Factitious Disorder
a. Feigning of symptoms to maintain the personal benefits that a sick role may provide, including the attention and concern of medical personnel or family members.
- Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another
a. This diagnosis is given when a person deliberately falsifies medical or psychological symptoms in another adult, a child, or even a pet. This occurs in the absence of any external reward (e.g., insurance money). Methods might include fabrication, exaggeration of existing problems, or deliberate creation of illness or disease. The person who induces the injury or disease is given the diagnosis, not the victim who is made ill or impaired. Also called factitious disorder by proxy or Munchausen’s syndrome by proxy.
- Host Identity
a. The identity in dissociative identity disorder that is most frequently encountered and carries the person’s real name. This is not usually the original identity and it may or may not be the best adjusted identity.
- Illness Anxiety Disorder
a. Excessive preoccupation with illness or fears of becoming ill. Anxiety is present even when symptoms are mild or absent. When symptoms are present, anxiety about the meaning of the symptoms is out of proportion to the severity of the medical problems being experienced.
- Malingering
a. Consciously faking illness or symptoms of disability to achieve some specific nonmedical objective.
- Primary Gain
a. In psychodynamic theory it is the goal achieved by symptoms of conversion disorder by keeping internal intrapsychic conflicts out of awareness. In contemporary terms it is the goal achieved by symptoms of conversion disorder by allowing the person to escape or avoid stressful situations.
- Secondary Gain
a. External circumstances that tend to reinforce the maintenance of disability.
- Soma
a. Greek word for “body.”
- Somatic Symptom Disorder
a. A new DSM-5 diagnosis characterized by somatic (physical) symptoms and an excessive focus (in thoughts, feelings, or behavior) on these symptoms. Many people who would have been diagnosed with hypochondriasis in DSM-IV-TR will now be diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder.
- Somatization Disorder
a. Multiple complaints, over a long period beginning before age 30, of physical ailments that are inadequately explained by independent findings of physical illness or injury and that lead to medical treatment or to significant life impairment.
- Somatoform Disorders
a. Conditions involving physical complaints or disabilities that occur without any evidence of physical pathology to account for them.
