Chapter 6 Flashcards
- Agoraphobia
a. Fear of being in places or situations where a panic attack may occur and from which escape would be physically difficult or psychologically embarrassing, or in which immediate help would be unavailable in the event that some mishap occurred
- Amygdala
a. A collection of nuclei that are almond shaped and that lie in front of the hippocampus in the limbic system of the brain. It is involved in the regulation of emotion and is critically involved in the emotion of fear
- Anxiety
a. A general feeling of apprehension about possible danger
- Anxiety Disorders
a. An unrealistic, irrational fear or anxiety of disabling intensity. DSM-5 recognizes 11 types of anxiety disorders: specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder due to medical condition, other specified anxiety disorder, and unspecified anxiety disorder.
- Anxiety Sensitivity
a. A personality trait involving a high level of belief that certain bodily symptoms may have harmful consequences
- Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia
a. Persistent and disproportionate fear of the sight of blood or injury, or the possibility of having an injection. Afflicted persons are likely to experience a drop in blood pressure and sometimes faint
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder
a. Obsession with some perceived flaw or flaws in one’s appearance
- Cognitive Restructuring
a. Cognitive behavioral therapy techniques that aim to change a person’s negative or unrealistic thoughts and attributions
- Compulsions
a. Overt repetitive behaviors (such as hand washing or checking) or more covert mental acts (such as counting, praying, saying certain words silently, or ordering) that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession
- Exposure and Response-Prevention
a. A method of treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder that combines intense exposure of the patient to feared conditions and then they are asked not to respond by engaging in their usual rituals to the feared stimuli
- Exposure Therapy
a. A technique in psychological treatment of anxiety disorders that involves exposing the patient to the feared object or context without any danger in order to overcome the anxiety
- Exteroceptive Conditioning Fear
a. Modifying the perception of environmental stimuli acting on the body
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
a. Chronic excessive worry about a number of events or activities, with no specific threat present, accompanied by at least 3 of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance.
- Hoarding Disorder
a. A new DSM-5 diagnosis characterized by long-standing difficulties discarding possessions, even those of little value
- Interoceptive Conditioning
a. Refers to a learning process that is similar to classic conditioning. It involves two conditioned stimuli and one unconditioned response.
- Neurotic Disorders
a. a group of mental disorders characterized by chronic distress and anxiety, without a loss of contact with reality or gross personality disorganization, often involving excessive worry, fear, or obsessive thoughts and behaviors
- Obsessions
a. Persistent and recurrent intrusive thoughts, images, or impulses that a person experiences as disturbing and inappropriate but has difficulty suppressing.
- OCD
a. Anxiety disorder characterized by the persistent intrusion of unwanted and intrusive thoughts or distressing images; these are usually accompanied by compulsive behaviors designed to neutralize the obsessive thoughts or images or to prevent some dreaded event or situation
- Panic Attack
a. A severe, intense fear response that appears to come out of the blue; it has many physical and cognitive symptoms such as fear of dying or losing control
- Panic Disorder
a. Occurrence of repeated unexpected panic attacks, often accompanied by intense anxiety about having another one
- Panic Provocation Procedures
a. A variety of biological challenge procedures that provoke panic attacks at higher rates in people with panic disorder than in people without panic disorder
- Phobia
a. Persistent and disproportionate fear of some specific object or situation that presents little or no actual danger
- Prepared Learning
a. The view that people are biologically prepared through evolution to more readily acquire fears of certain objects or situations that may once have posed a threat to our early ancestors. For example, people more readily develop fears of snakes and spiders if they are paired with aversive events, than they develop fears of knives or guns
- Social Phobia
a. Also known as social anxiety disorder. It’s the fear of situations in which a person might be exposed to the scrutiny of others and fear of acting in a humiliating or embarrassing way.
- Trichotillomania
a. Chronic pulling out of one’s own hair
