Chapter 8 Flashcards
Elements of fitness
Cardiovascular Endurance
The measure of the cardiovascular systems (hear and blood vessels) ability to preform over an extended period
Muscular Strength
The measure of force produced by a muscle or group of muscles
Muscular Endurance
The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to continuously exert force against resistance over time
Flexibility
The range of motion of a muscle and its associated connective tissues at a joint or joints
Body composition
The physical makeup of the body considering fat mass and lean mass
Type 2 diabetes
A long term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin
Heart Disease
A term used to describe several different heart conditions
General warm up
Nonspecific, low intensity activity including dynamic stretching and light cardiovascular activity with the purpose of increasing blood flow, respiration, and body temperature
Specific warm up
Movement used to prepare the body for a sport or specific exercise
Dynamic Stretching
Movement based active stretching where muscles engage to bring about a stretch
Flexibility Training
An element of fitness using stretching to increase the range of motion of a joint or group of joints and allow for increased range of motion
Static stretching
lengthening a muscle and holding the lengthened position
Length tension relationship
The amount of tension a muscle can produce as a function of sarcomere length
Core training
Refers to strengthening the musculature of the abdominals, back, and lower body that directly influences the lumbopelvic hip complex
Lumbopelvic Hip complex
The musculature of the hip that attaches to the pelvis and lumbar spine and works to stabilize the trunk and lower extremities
Abdominal Bracing
Activation of the trunk muscles to support the spine
Balance Training
Exercises to strengthen the stabilizer muscles and prime movers of the core and legs to improve dynamic stability
Reactive training
Quick, powerful movements with an eccentric action followed by an immediate concentric action
Speed
The ability to move the body in one direction as fast as possible
Agility
The ability to accelerate, decelerate, stabilize, and change direction with proper posture
Quickness
The ability to react and change body position with a maximum rate of force production
Countermovement
A movement of other action made in opposition to another action
Plyometric training
Reactive training seeking maximum force in the shortest amount of time
Stretch shortening cycle
The cycling between the eccentric action of a muscle and the concentric action of the same muscle
