Chapter 8 Flashcards
This is that management function which involves influencing others to engage in the work behaviors necessary to reach organizational goals.
Leading
Complete the analogy.
leading : function = leadership : __________
process
This refers to the ability of a leader to exert force on another.
Power
The power possessed by leaders may be classified according to various bases. They are as follows:
- legitimate power
- reward power
- coercive power
- referent power
- expert power
A person who occupies a higher position has _______________ over persons in lower positions within the organization. A supervisor, for instance, can issue orders to the workers in his unit. Compliance can be expected.
legitimate power
When a person has the ability to give rewards to anybody who follows orders or requests, they are said to have this.
Reward Power
Rewards may be classified into
two forms:
material and psychic
These refer to money or other tangible benefits like cars, house and lot, etc.
Material rewards
These consist of recognition, praises, etc.
Psychic rewards
When a person compels another to comply with orders through threats or punishment, they are said to possess _____________. Punishment may take the
form of demotion, dismissal, withholding of promotion, etc.
coercive power
When a person can get compliance from another because the latter would want to be identified with the former, that person is said to have ______________.
referent power
Experts provide specialized information
regarding their specific lines of expertise. This influence is possessed by people with great skills in technology.
expert power
This may be referred to as the process of influencing and supporting others to work enthusiastically toward achieving objectives.
Leadership
Traits of Effective Leaders
- a high level of personal drive
- the desire to lead
- personal integrity
- self-confidence
- analytical ability or judgment
- knowledge of the company, industry or technology
- charisma
- creativity
- flexibility
These are those identified as willing to accept responsibility, possess vigor,
initiative, persistence, and health.
Persons with drive
This is a very important leadership trait because of the possibility of failure
in every attempt to achieve certain goals.
Drive
If a chosen way to reach a goal is not successful, a leader finds another way to reach it, even if it precedes a succession of failed attempts. This will, of course, require a high level of __________ from the leader.
personal drive
A plant director of the Polo plant of San Miguel Corporation between 1992 and 1994.
Paul Mediarito
There are some persons who have all the qualifications for leadership, yet they could not become leaders because they lack one special requirement: the_____________.
desire to lead
Even if they are forced to act as leaders, they will not be effective because their efforts will be half-hearted. Leaders with this trait will always have a reservoir of extra efforts which can be used whenever needed.
desire to lead
One who does not have this will have a hard time convincing his subordinates about the necessity of completing various tasks. If this is the case, the leader will, then, resort to exercising their authority and getting things done entirely by the use or threat of use of the coercive powers vested in them by virtue of the rank and position he occupies in the hierarchy.
personal integrity
According to _________, integrity means and includes honesty, honour, incorruptibility, rectitude, righteousness, uprightness, and similar virtues.
V.K. Saraf
This means and includes honesty, honour, incorruptibility, rectitude, righteousness, uprightness, and similar virtues.
integrity
The activities of leaders require moves that will produce the needed outputs. The steps of conceptualizing, organizing, and implementing will be completed if sustained efforts are made. For the moves to be continuous and precise, ___________ is necessary.
self-confidence