chapter 8

Question 1

what are values

Answer 1

beliefs about what’s important
they influence opinions and make decisions about issues that affect quality of life

Question 2

social program

purpose?

examples?

Answer 2

services provided by government and paid for by taxes

reduce economic inequalities + promote wellbeing of citizens

health care, pensions, education, income assistance, child care services

Question 3

canada vs usa social programs

Answer 3

canada: public funding
- things are paid for by taxes
- collective values

usa: private funding
- things paid out-of-pocket
- individualist values

the more social programs, the more taxes

Question 4

canada social programs

Answer 4

collectivism: providing for the whole of society is important
- its essential people have equal access to services
- takes care of those who cant take care of themselves
- social programs are publicly funded [taxes]

Question 5

collectivism government values

Answer 5

pass legislation to protect delivery of publicly funded services
laws against private healthcare
appropriate taxing for social programs

Question 6

canada health act principles

Answer 6

universality: for everyone
accessibility: reasonable time/distance
comprehensivness: insure medically necessary services
portabibilty: everywhere
public administration: no profit, run by govt

Question 7

issue of canada social programs

Answer 7

gets too expensive/unsustainable
affordability is affected by aging pop. and ability of working pop. to support these costs

old ppl = expensive healthcare [tax]

old people are expensive, dont work, dont contribute to taxes

Question 8

usa social programs

Answer 8

individualism: people should provide for themselves
- less public more private funding
- for profit: guides by supply + demand

only LOW income earners get publicly funded social programs (unequal access)

Question 9

individualism government values

Answer 9

federal + state gov’t make laws regarding social programs
no legislation identifies responsibilities in this area

Question 10

usa social services

HMO

Answer 10

health maitnance organizations

private health care coverage in USA

Question 11

senior citizen pensions
canada vs usa

Answer 11

CANADA: 65 + worked in canada for 10 years qualify for pension [paid by tax]

USA: support themselves through personal savings/plans

Question 12

income assistance
canada vs usa

Answer 12

CANADA: those unable to meet basic needs get assistace paid for by taxes [provinces set criteria]

USA: provides funds for yhose who cant meet bacis needs [states set criteria]

Question 13

health care
canada vs usa

Answer 13

CANADA: public; everyone gets basic healthcare paid by taxes

USA: private; americans pay for healthcare or insurance, but its expensive

medicare = gov’t funded
medicaid = ppl funded

Question 14

define the following:

1. vetoes
2. medicare
3. medicaid

Answer 14

1. refuse
2. government funded
3. people funded

Question 15

black market

Answer 15

an economic activity that takes place outside government-sanctioned channels

exchange of goods where the gov’t doesnt know so you cant be taxed

Question 16

why are taxes necessary

Answer 16

certain services the levels of gov’t are expected to provide
different levels fund diff. things

Question 17

taxation model

Answer 17

policy that guides gov’t in what to tax, how much to tax, and how to spend tax $$

Question 18

income tax

Answer 18

pay a portion of earnings to both federal and provincial governments
comes off paychecks/profit you claim when submitting taxes

the more you earn, the more you spend

Question 19

sales tax

Answer 19

paid at the time of buying something
percent of the total purchase

the more you spend, the more you pay

Question 20

charging income tax

progressive taxes

Answer 20

higher income, more taxes

Question 21

charging income tax

regressive

Answer 21

higher income, lower taxes

Question 22

charging income tax

flat

Answer 22

everyone pays the same amount of taxes
income does not matter

Question 23

political parties

Answer 23

organization that works to be in charge of a government

endorsing member(s) as canditates and supporting their electing to HOC

Question 24

left wing

Answer 24

planned economy
value socialism + cooperation
- high taxes and gov’t spending/responsibility

NDP

restrictions on big business and economy

Question 25

centre

Answer 25

mixed economy
value individual responsibilty and gov’t assistance to those in need
- moderate taxes
- moderate social programs

liberals

balanced restrictions + incentives on big business

Question 26

right wing

Answer 26

market economy
value capitalism
- increased personal responsibilty
- low gov’t assistance and taxes

conservatives

decreased big business/economy restrictions
- incentives to influence economic growth

Question 27

what US party are liberals similar to? what about conservatives

Answer 27

liberals similar to democrats
conservatives similar to republicans