Chapter 8 Flashcards
what does the General Strain Theory focused on
the strains teens go through and how it can lead to either criminal or non-criminal behaviour
What are Strains
experiences or situations that are negative and creates a negative emotional reaction
what does the removal of positively valued stimuli do
it can cause individuals to turn to crime if they are removed
what are some examples of negative stimuli
criminal victimization, child abuse, and a negative school environment
what is the most common emotion strain causes, what are the other two?
First is Anger, followed by Fear and Depression
what are “conditioning factors”
a factor that in creases the negative effect of strains
what are some common conditioning factors
- self esteem and self efficacy
- association with deviant peers
- low availability of social support
- personality
What does empirical research suggest
that a number of negative experiences are associated with criminal coping
what can strain lead to
reduction of self control
What is the Control Balance Theory
a theory that focuses on how individuals can control others behaviour if they have the power/resources to do so
What can control balance lead too
it can lead to a person engaging in deviant behaviour to gain control
what do different types of control imbalances lead to
it leads to different forms of deviance
What do tests on control balance theories Indicate what
that control balances deficits and surpluses are related to a range of deviant behaviours
What is the Differential Coercion Theory
that there is a relationship between coercion and crime
Define Coercion
a factor that intimidates an individual to deviantly act because of the fear and anxiety it creates
