Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the benefits of exercise?

A

Improve lung function
More efficient heart
Less fatigue

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2
Q

Define isometric exercises?

A

Does not produce movement and muscle does not shorten

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3
Q

Examples of isometric exercise are?

A

Pushing against a wall

Weight lifting

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4
Q

Isometric exercises are also called?

A

Strength training exercises

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5
Q

Define isotonic exercises

A

Produce movement at a joint, muscles change in length

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6
Q

Examples of isotonic are?

A

Walking, breathing, lifting

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7
Q

Isotonic exercises are also called?

A

Aerobic exercises

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8
Q

Example of tetanic contraction

A

Braxton Hicks

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9
Q

Endurance training is also called?

A

Aerobic training

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10
Q

Define hypertrophy

A

Increase in muscle size

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11
Q

Define Atrophy

A

Shrinking of muscle

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12
Q

What is disuse-atrophy?

A

Shrinking of muscle due to inactivity

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13
Q

An exercise that increases the muscle size?

A

Strength training exercises

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14
Q

What are synergist muscles?

A

Muscles that help other muscles produce movement

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15
Q

What are prime movers?

A

Muscle responsible for movement

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16
Q

Muscle fatigue is caused by?

A

Oxygen debt
Lack of ATP
Lactic acid buildup in the muscles

17
Q

Example of voluntary muscle

A

Skeletal muscle

18
Q

Example of involuntary muscle

A

Cardiac and smooth muscle

19
Q

What is flexion?

A

Angle between the bones decreases

20
Q

What is extension?

A

Straightening or stretching of a muscle

21
Q

Extension does what to the angle between the bone?

A

Increases the angle

22
Q

Define abduction?

A

Moving away from the midline

23
Q

Define adduction?

A

Moving towards the midline

24
Q

Define rotation?

A

Movement around longitudinal axis

25
Example of rotation
Moving head from side to side when you are saying no
26
Define pronation?
Turn hand from anterior to posterior turned down
27
Define supination?
Palm turned to anterior position
28
Dorsiflexion refers to?
Foot movements
29
Define dorsiflexion?
Toes pointing upward
30
Define plantar flexion?
Toes pointing downward
31
What is neuromuscular junction?
Point of contact between a nerve ending and the muscle fiber