Chapter 8 Flashcards
What are the benefits of exercise?
Improve lung function
More efficient heart
Less fatigue
Define isometric exercises?
Does not produce movement and muscle does not shorten
Examples of isometric exercise are?
Pushing against a wall
Weight lifting
Isometric exercises are also called?
Strength training exercises
Define isotonic exercises
Produce movement at a joint, muscles change in length
Examples of isotonic are?
Walking, breathing, lifting
Isotonic exercises are also called?
Aerobic exercises
Example of tetanic contraction
Braxton Hicks
Endurance training is also called?
Aerobic training
Define hypertrophy
Increase in muscle size
Define Atrophy
Shrinking of muscle
What is disuse-atrophy?
Shrinking of muscle due to inactivity
An exercise that increases the muscle size?
Strength training exercises
What are synergist muscles?
Muscles that help other muscles produce movement
What are prime movers?
Muscle responsible for movement
Muscle fatigue is caused by?
Oxygen debt
Lack of ATP
Lactic acid buildup in the muscles
Example of voluntary muscle
Skeletal muscle
Example of involuntary muscle
Cardiac and smooth muscle
What is flexion?
Angle between the bones decreases
What is extension?
Straightening or stretching of a muscle
Extension does what to the angle between the bone?
Increases the angle
Define abduction?
Moving away from the midline
Define adduction?
Moving towards the midline
Define rotation?
Movement around longitudinal axis
Example of rotation
Moving head from side to side when you are saying no
Define pronation?
Turn hand from anterior to posterior turned down
Define supination?
Palm turned to anterior position
Dorsiflexion refers to?
Foot movements
Define dorsiflexion?
Toes pointing upward
Define plantar flexion?
Toes pointing downward
What is neuromuscular junction?
Point of contact between a nerve ending and the muscle fiber
