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PPL Course - (3) Navigation and Meteorology > Chapter 7.7 - Visual Pilot Navigation > Flashcards

Chapter 7.7 - Visual Pilot Navigation Flashcards

1
Q

What does DR stand for in Flight Planning?

A

Dead Reckoning.

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2
Q

The Track Plot can only be used to find what if the heading has remained constant between two ground positions (2)?

A
  • Find a DR position.

- Check groundspeed.

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3
Q

What does FPT and FPH stand for?

A
  • Flight Planned Track.

- Flight Planned Heading.

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4
Q

The angular difference between track made good and flight planned track is called what?

A

Track Error (TE).

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5
Q

The angular difference between the trade made good and the new track required to make good destination is called what?

A

Track Correction Angle (TCA).

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6
Q

If the TE is estimated as 5°L and the CA is 3°L, what is the TCA?

A

8°R.

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7
Q

True or False. When a pinpoint indicates that an Aircraft is early or late. The estimate for the next turning point/destination doesn’t have to be amended?

A

False. It must be amended.

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8
Q

What Proportional Markers are recommended for a flight plan?

A

One third markers.

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9
Q

Which markers should be used at all times for a flight plan?

A

Distance Markers.

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10
Q

Name two Visual Position Lines which help with VFR Pilot Navigation?

A
  • Ground Features.

- Transit Bearings.

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11
Q

What is Mean Wind Velocity?

A

The average wind acting on an Aircraft for a period of time.

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12
Q

Name two main causes of poor navigation?

A
  • Heading.

- Airspeed.

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13
Q

During Pre-Takeoff, what should the Altimeter be set to?

A

Local QNH.

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14
Q

During Pre-Takeoff, what should the Directional Indicator be aligned to?

A

Compass.

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15
Q

During Departure and Climb, what three things should be actioned by a Pilot?

A
  • Set Heading accurately from a given point.
  • Log time of Departure.
  • Log time at Top of Climb.
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16
Q

During En Route, what five things should be actioned by a Pilot?

A
  • Map read from map to ground to obtain pinpoints.
  • Maintain accurate track plot by logging all pinpoints along with the time.
  • Correct track error to make good destination.
  • Revise ETA.
  • Log all heading and altitude changes.
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17
Q

During Descent, what two things should be actioned by a Pilot?

A
  • Observe any CTA/Safety Height Limits.

- Commence descent to arrive at destination at correct altitude for circuit.

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18
Q

During Approach, what two things should be actioned by a Pilot?

A
  • Observe ATC restrictions.

- Obtain Aerodrome and Weather Data.

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19
Q

What tolerance is accepted for Heading in Navigation?

A

+/- 2°.

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20
Q

What tolerance is accepted for Altitude in Navigation?

A

+/- 200 feet.

21
Q

What tolerance is accepted for Speed in Navigation?

A

+/- 5 kt IAS.

22
Q

What tolerance is accepted for ETA in Navigation?

A

+/- 2 minutes.

23
Q

What does CLEARO stand for?

A
  • Compass.
  • Log.
  • Engine.
  • Altimetry.
  • Radio.
  • Orientation.
24
Q

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Compass?

A

Checking the Compass is aligned with Directional Indicator.

25
Q

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Log?

A

Maintain it’s up to date.

26
Q

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Engine (5)?

A
  • Correct Power Settings.
  • Mixture Lean.
  • Temperature and Pressure are Normal.
  • Fuel Content and Selection.
  • Endurance and Fuel Consumption.
27
Q

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Altimetry (4)?

A
  • Altimeter to Correct Setting.
  • At Cleared/Planned Level.
  • Clear of Clouds.
  • Clear of Controlled/Restriction Airspace.
28
Q

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Radio (3)?

A
  • Radio Tuned and Set to Correct Frequencies.
  • Position Reports.
  • Maintain Listening Watch.
29
Q

Name three minimum requirements for Pilot Navigation Log?

A
  • Time.
  • Pinpoint.
  • Heading.
30
Q

Name three optional requirements for Pilot Navigation Log?

A
  • Groundspeed.
  • Indicated Airspeed.
  • Altitude.
31
Q

Prior to aligning the Directional Indicator with the Compass, how can a Pilot check the accuracy before Takeoff?

A

Check it matches the direction of the Runway.

32
Q

An Aircraft should be established on a planned track as soon as possible after takeoff once the Aircraft is what position (2)?

A
  • 500 feet AGL.

- Before 5NM from Aerodrome.

33
Q

Name two departure routes from a non-towered aerodrome?

A
  • En-route Departure.

- Circling Departure.

34
Q

Name an advantage and disadvantage of En-route Departure (2)?

A
  • Disadvantage = Not all non-towered aerodromes are equipped with radionavigation (NDB/VOR).
  • Advantage = Not having to circle around the aerodrome which saves time.
35
Q

Pilots should identify features within how many miles of the departure aerodrome?

A

10NM.

36
Q

A departure feature is used to confirm what?

A

The departure track.

37
Q

It is better to plan the flight so that the first pinpoint/fix is obtained once the aircraft has established on what?

A

Cruise.

38
Q

What should be checked each time a pinpoint/fix is obtained?

A

ETA at destination.

39
Q

What does DSPT stand for?

A

Descent Point.

40
Q

It is a common practice to descent to a point before the destination aerodrome at 2000ft AGL. How many NM is that point from the destination?

A

3.

41
Q

When Navigating to Avoid Controlled Airspace, what four major aspects should a Pilot focus on while transiting a lane of entry?

A
  • Flying Accurately.
  • Vigilant Lookout.
  • Maintaining Track.
  • Communication.
42
Q

Name two other important aspects of transiting a lane of entry?

A
  • Maintaining Correct Height.

- Keep to the Right.

43
Q

What is defined as Low-Level Navigation?

A

Flights below 2000ft AGL.

44
Q

What does MLJR stand for?

A

Military Low Jet Routes.

45
Q

True or False. When uncertain of position, should a Pilot make changes to the heading?

A

False.

46
Q

How can the Directional Indicator become out-of-sync with the Magnetic Compass (2)?

A
  • The Directional Indicator hasn’t be reset for a long period of time.
  • The Instrument is malfunctioning.
47
Q

What two actions should a Pilot make when lost?

A
  • Ask ATS for Assistance.

- Calculate Safe Endurance.

48
Q

Having calculated the Safe Endurance when lost, what three alternatives can a Pilot make in order to re-establish DR position (3)?

A
  • Maintain Same Heading.
  • Turn 180° to return to last fix.
  • Turn towards a large feature.

PPL Course - (3) Navigation and Meteorology (23 decks)

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