Chapter 7.7 - Visual Pilot Navigation

Question 1

What does DR stand for in Flight Planning?

Answer 1

Dead Reckoning.

Question 2

The Track Plot can only be used to find what if the heading has remained constant between two ground positions (2)?

Answer 2

• Find a DR position.

- Check groundspeed.

Question 3

What does FPT and FPH stand for?

Answer 3

• Flight Planned Track.

- Flight Planned Heading.

Question 4

The angular difference between track made good and flight planned track is called what?

Answer 4

Track Error (TE).

Question 5

The angular difference between the trade made good and the new track required to make good destination is called what?

Answer 5

Track Correction Angle (TCA).

Question 6

If the TE is estimated as 5°L and the CA is 3°L, what is the TCA?

Answer 6

8°R.

Question 7

True or False. When a pinpoint indicates that an Aircraft is early or late. The estimate for the next turning point/destination doesn’t have to be amended?

Answer 7

False. It must be amended.

Question 8

What Proportional Markers are recommended for a flight plan?

Answer 8

One third markers.

Question 9

Which markers should be used at all times for a flight plan?

Answer 9

Distance Markers.

Question 10

Name two Visual Position Lines which help with VFR Pilot Navigation?

Answer 10

• Ground Features.

- Transit Bearings.

Question 11

What is Mean Wind Velocity?

Answer 11

The average wind acting on an Aircraft for a period of time.

Question 12

Name two main causes of poor navigation?

Answer 12

• Heading.

- Airspeed.

Question 13

During Pre-Takeoff, what should the Altimeter be set to?

Answer 13

Local QNH.

Question 14

During Pre-Takeoff, what should the Directional Indicator be aligned to?

Answer 14

Compass.

Question 15

During Departure and Climb, what three things should be actioned by a Pilot?

Answer 15

• Set Heading accurately from a given point.
• Log time of Departure.
• Log time at Top of Climb.

Question 16

During En Route, what five things should be actioned by a Pilot?

Answer 16

• Map read from map to ground to obtain pinpoints.
• Maintain accurate track plot by logging all pinpoints along with the time.
• Correct track error to make good destination.
• Revise ETA.
• Log all heading and altitude changes.

Question 17

During Descent, what two things should be actioned by a Pilot?

Answer 17

• Observe any CTA/Safety Height Limits.

- Commence descent to arrive at destination at correct altitude for circuit.

Question 18

During Approach, what two things should be actioned by a Pilot?

Answer 18

• Observe ATC restrictions.

- Obtain Aerodrome and Weather Data.

Question 19

What tolerance is accepted for Heading in Navigation?

Answer 19

+/- 2°.

Question 20

What tolerance is accepted for Altitude in Navigation?

Answer 20

+/- 200 feet.

Question 21

What tolerance is accepted for Speed in Navigation?

Answer 21

+/- 5 kt IAS.

Question 22

What tolerance is accepted for ETA in Navigation?

Answer 22

+/- 2 minutes.

Question 23

What does CLEARO stand for?

Answer 23

• Compass.
• Log.
• Engine.
• Altimetry.
• Radio.
• Orientation.

Question 24

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Compass?

Answer 24

Checking the Compass is aligned with Directional Indicator.

Question 25

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Log?

Answer 25

Maintain it’s up to date.

Question 26

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Engine (5)?

Answer 26

- Correct Power Settings. - Mixture Lean. - Temperature and Pressure are Normal. - Fuel Content and Selection. - Endurance and Fuel Consumption.

Question 27

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Altimetry (4)?

Answer 27

- Altimeter to Correct Setting. - At Cleared/Planned Level. - Clear of Clouds. - Clear of Controlled/Restriction Airspace.

Question 28

CLEARO: What needs to be checked with Radio (3)?

Answer 28

- Radio Tuned and Set to Correct Frequencies. - Position Reports. - Maintain Listening Watch.

Question 29

Name three minimum requirements for Pilot Navigation Log?

Answer 29

- Time. - Pinpoint. - Heading.

Question 30

Name three optional requirements for Pilot Navigation Log?

Answer 30

- Groundspeed. - Indicated Airspeed. - Altitude.

Question 31

Prior to aligning the Directional Indicator with the Compass, how can a Pilot check the accuracy before Takeoff?

Answer 31

Check it matches the direction of the Runway.

Question 32

An Aircraft should be established on a planned track as soon as possible after takeoff once the Aircraft is what position (2)?

Answer 32

- 500 feet AGL. | - Before 5NM from Aerodrome.

Question 33

Name two departure routes from a non-towered aerodrome?

Answer 33

- En-route Departure. | - Circling Departure.

Question 34

Name an advantage and disadvantage of En-route Departure (2)?

Answer 34

- Disadvantage = Not all non-towered aerodromes are equipped with radionavigation (NDB/VOR). - Advantage = Not having to circle around the aerodrome which saves time.

Question 35

Pilots should identify features within how many miles of the departure aerodrome?

Answer 35

10NM.

Question 36

A departure feature is used to confirm what?

Answer 36

The departure track.

Question 37

It is better to plan the flight so that the first pinpoint/fix is obtained once the aircraft has established on what?

Answer 37

Cruise.

Question 38

What should be checked each time a pinpoint/fix is obtained?

Answer 38

ETA at destination.

Question 39

What does DSPT stand for?

Answer 39

Descent Point.

Question 40

It is a common practice to descent to a point before the destination aerodrome at 2000ft AGL. How many NM is that point from the destination?

Answer 40

3.

Question 41

When Navigating to Avoid Controlled Airspace, what four major aspects should a Pilot focus on while transiting a lane of entry?

Answer 41

- Flying Accurately. - Vigilant Lookout. - Maintaining Track. - Communication.

Question 42

Name two other important aspects of transiting a lane of entry?

Answer 42

- Maintaining Correct Height. | - Keep to the Right.

Question 43

What is defined as Low-Level Navigation?

Answer 43

Flights below 2000ft AGL.

Question 44

What does MLJR stand for?

Answer 44

Military Low Jet Routes.

Question 45

True or False. When uncertain of position, should a Pilot make changes to the heading?

Answer 45

False.

Question 46

How can the Directional Indicator become out-of-sync with the Magnetic Compass (2)?

Answer 46

- The Directional Indicator hasn’t be reset for a long period of time. - The Instrument is malfunctioning.

Question 47

What two actions should a Pilot make when lost?

Answer 47

- Ask ATS for Assistance. | - Calculate Safe Endurance.

Question 48

Having calculated the Safe Endurance when lost, what three alternatives can a Pilot make in order to re-establish DR position (3)?

Answer 48

- Maintain Same Heading. - Turn 180° to return to last fix. - Turn towards a large feature.