Chapter 7: Work Design And Measurement Flashcards
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Created by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Emphasized the importance of safety considerations in system design
Time-Based System
Compensation based on time an employee has worked during a pay period
Output-Based (Incentive) System
Compensation based on amount of output an employee produced during a pay period
Knowledge-Based Pay
A pay system used by organizations to reward workers who undergo training that increases their skills
Horizontal Skills
Reflect the variety of tasks the worker is capable of performing
Vertical Skills
Reflect managerial tasks the worker is capable of
Depth Skills
Reflects quality and productivity skills
Job Design
The act of specifying the contents and methods of jobs
Specialization
Work that concentrates on some aspect of a product or service
Job Enlargement
Giving a worker a larger portion of the total task, by horizontal loading
Job Rotation
Workers periodically exchange jobs
Job Enrichment
Increasing responsibility for planning and coordination tasks, by vertical loading
Self-Directed Teams (Self-Directed Teams)
Groups empowered to make certain changes with their processes
Ergonomics (Human Factor)
Incorporation of human factors in the design of the workplace
Methods Analysis
Analyzing how a job is done
Flow Process Chart
Chart used to examine the overall sequence of an operation by focusing on movements of the operator or flow of materials
Worker-Machine Chart
Chart used to determine portions of a work cycle during which an operator and equipment are busy or idle
Motion Study
Systematic study of the human motions used to perform an operation
Motion Study Principle
Guidelines for designing motion efficient work procedures.
- Principles for use of the body
- Principles for arrangement of the work place
- Principles for the design of tools and equipment
Therbligs
Basic elemental motions that make up a job
Micromotion Study
Use of motion pictures and slow motion to study motions that otherwise would be too rapid to analyze
Work Measurement
Determining how long it should take to do a job
Standard Time
The amount of time it should take a qualifies worker to complete a specified task, working at a suitable rate, using given methods, tools and equipment, raw materials, and workplace arrangement
Stopwatch Time Study
Development of a time standard based on observations of one worker taken over a number of cycles
