Chapter 10: Quality Control Flashcards
Quality Control
A process that evaluates output relative to a standard and takes corrective action when outputs doesn’t meet standards
Inspection
Appraisal of goods
Quality of Conformance
A product or service conforms to specifications
Statistical Process Control (SPC)
Statistical evaluation of the output of a process
Random Variation
Natural Variation in the output of a process, created by countless minor factors
Assignable Variation
In process output, a variation whose cause can be identified. A non- random variation
Sampling Distribution
A theoretical distribution of sample statistics
Central Limit Theorem
The distribution of sample averages tends to be normal regardless of the shape of the process distribution
Control Chart
A time-ordered plot of sample statistics, used to distinguish between random and nonrandom variability
Control Limits
The dividing line between random and nonrandom deviations from the mean of distribution
Type 1 Error
Concluding a process is not in control when it actually is
Type II Error
Concluding a process is in control when it is not
Variables
Generate data that are measured
Attributes
Generate data that are counted
Mean Control Chart
Control charts used to monitor the central tendency of a process
Range Control Chart
Control chart used to monitor process dispersion
P-Chart
Control chart for attributes, used to monitor the proportion of defective items in a process
C-Chart
Control chart for attributes, used to monitor the number of defects per unit
Specifications
A range of acceptable values established by engineering design or customer requirements
Process Variability
Natural or inherent variability in a process
Process Capability
The inherent variability of process output relative to the variation allowed by the design
Capability Index
Used to assess the ability of a process to meet specifications
