Chapter 7: Ventilation, Perfusion, and Shock: Understanding Pathophysiology

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body

Question 2

cell membrane

Answer 2

protects and selectively allows water and other substances in and out of the cell

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

contains DNA, the genetic blueprint for cellular reproduction

Question 4

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

plays key role in synthesizing proteins

Question 5

mitochaondria

Answer 5

largely responsible for producing energy for the cell

Question 6

ATP

Answer 6

• the cell’s internally created fuel

- responsible for powering all the other cellular function

Question 7

metabolism

Answer 7

the cellular function of converting nutrients into energy

Question 8

electrolytes

Answer 8

• substances that separate into charged particles when dissolved in water
• the movements of these charged particles enable the electrical functions of cells such as nerve transmission and cardiac muscle deoplarization.
• K, NA, Mg

Question 9

glucose

Answer 9

• basic nutrient of the cell
• building block for energy in the form of ATP
• during metabolism, glucose is broken down inside the cell and combined with oxygen to create energy that is used to perform cellular functions

Question 10

aerobic metabolism

Answer 10

• the cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose
• energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste products

Question 11

anaerobic metabolism

Answer 11

• the cellular process in which glucose is metabolized into energy w/o oxygen
• energy is produced in an inefficient manner with man waste products

Question 12

FiO2

Answer 12

fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe

Question 13

patent

Answer 13

open and clear airway; free from obstruction

Question 14

tidal volume

Answer 14

the volume of air moved in once cycle of breathing

Question 15

minute volume

Answer 15

tidal volume X respiratory rate

Question 16

dead air space

Answer 16

air the occupies the space between the mouth and alveoli but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange

Question 17

Disruption of Respiratory Control

Answer 17

disorders/events that affect the medulla oblongata