Chapter 25: Bleeding and Shock

Question 1

Perfusion

Answer 1

the supply to and removal of wastes from the body’s cells and tissues as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries

Question 2

Hypoperfusion

Answer 2

the body’s inability to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients

Question 3

Shock

Answer 3

the body’s inability to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients, which is a life-threatening condition

Question 4

Blood is circulated throughout the body through 3 major types of blood vessels:

Answer 4

arteries, capillaries, veins

Question 5

Arteries

Answer 5

• carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart

- has a thick muscular wall that enable is to dilate or constrict

Question 6

Capillaries

Answer 6

oxygen-rich blood is emptied into these

Question 7

Veins

Answer 7

blood that has been depleted of oxygen and loaded with CO2 and other wastes in the capillaries empties into the veins which carry it back to the heart

Question 8

Arterial Bleeding

Answer 8

bleeding from an artery; bright red blood that is rapid, profuse, and difficult to control

Question 9

Venous Bleeding

Answer 9

bleeding from a vein; dark red/maroon blood that is steady and easy to control

Question 10

Capillary Bleeding

Answer 10

bleeding from capillaries; slow, oozing flow of blood

Question 11

Major methods of controlling bleeding

Answer 11

• direct pressure
• elevation of a limb
• hemostatic agent
• tourniquet

Question 12

Blunt Trauma

Answer 12

• leading cause of internal bleeding

- falls, motor-vehicle crashes, auto-pedestrian collisions, blast injuries

Question 13

Penetrating Trauma

Answer 13

• can cause internal bleeding, hard to judge the severity of the wound
• gunshot wounds, stab wounds, impaled objects

Question 14

Compensated Shock

Answer 14

when the pt is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion

Question 15

Decompensated Shock

Answer 15

when the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion; decreasing bp becomes evident

Question 16

Hypovolemic Shock

Answer 16

shock resulting from blood or fluid loss

Hemorrhages Shock is shock resulting from blood

Question 17

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 17

shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss but by the heart’s inadequate pumping action; often the result of a heart attach or CHF

Question 18

Neurogenic Shock

Answer 18

hypo perfusion due to nerve paralysis resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increases the volume of the circulatory system beyond the point where it can be filled