Chapter 7 - Upper Extremity Flashcards
Only bone connecting the UE & axial skeleton
clavicle
Shoulder joints
acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, glenohumeral, scapulothoracic (pseudo-joint)
4 muscles of the rotator cuff
SITS (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)
supraspinatus action
abduction of arm
infraspinatus action
external rotation of arm
teres minor action
external rotation of arm
subscapularis action
internal rotation of arm
Deltoid action
primary flexor (Ant) & abductor (middle) & primary extensor (Post)
Latissimus dorsi action
Extensor & Adductor
Teres major action
Extensor
Pectoralis major action
Adductor
Subclavian a. passes b/w which muscles?
anterior & middle scalenes
Subclavian v. passes
anterior to the anterior sclene
Subclavian a. becomes the _____________ at the ______________
Axillary a. at the lateral border of the first rib
Axillary a. becomes the _____________ at the ______________
brachial a. at the inferior border of the teres minor mm
1st major branch of the brachial a.?
profunda brachial a.
profunda brachial a. accompanies which nerve?
radial n. as it passes posteriorly
Brachial a. divides into _________&___________ at the
ulnar a. & radial a. at the bicipital aponeurosis
Which artery supplies the lateral forearm & forms the deep palmar arterial arch?
Radial a.
Which artery supplies the medial forearm & forms the superficial palmar arterial arch?
Ulnar a.
OMT for lymph congestion of UE
thoracic inlet, re-dome diaphragm, & posterior axillary fold
Surgical neck of humerus fracture -> inability to abduct arm from 15-90 -> which nerve is injured?
Axillary n.
Which branch of the median n. supplies the thenar eminence?
recurrent branch of median n.
Median n. injury causes
carpal tunnel syndrome, lunate dislocation, supracondylar fracture of the humerus
Distal median claw hand would look like
on opening hand, pts 2-3 digits remain flexed (d/t loss of lateral lumbricals)
Proximal median claw hand would look like
inability to flex digits 1-3, while digits 4-5 are flexed (d/t loss of forearm flexors & lateral lumbricals)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
overuse of Flexor Retinaculum -> median n. entrapment
Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
“MEDIAN TRAP”
Myxedema, Edema, Diabetes, Idiopathic, Acromegaly, Neoplasm, Trauma, RA, Amyloidosis, Pregnancy
Radial n. injury causes
fracture to the body of the humerus, compression of nerve in axilla (Saturday night palsy), improper use of crutches -> wrist drop
Ulnar n. injury causes
medial epicondyle injury & hook of hamate fracture
Ulnar n. injury results in
the inability to abduct/adduct fingers, hypothenar eminence atrophy (on opening hand, digits 4-5 remain flexed d/t loss of median lumbricals)
How can you tell the difference b/w ulnar n. injury & a proximal median n. injury
ability to flex thumb - proximal median n. injury cannot flex thumb
Erb Duchenne Palsy
Lesion to C5-C6 (Upper trunk) - Most common brachial plexus injury; pulling superiorly on arm
Normal abduction of arm: ____ degrees
180
The normal 180 degree abduction, _____________ is accountable for 120 degrees
glenohumeral joint
The normal 180 degree abduction, _____________ is accountable for 60 degrees
scapulothoracic motion
Most common SD of the shoulder
restriction of IR/ER
2nd most common SD of the shoulder
restriction of abduction