Chapter 3 - Thorax & Ribcage

Question 1

Describe the Rule of 3’s

Answer 1

T1-T3 SPs located at level of TPs
T4-T6 SPs are located 1/2 segment below TPs
T7-T9 SPs are located 1 segment below TPs
T10 same as T7-T9
T11 same as T4-T6
T12 same as T1-T3

Question 2

Spine of scapula is at

Answer 2

T3

Question 3

Inferior angle of scapular is at

Answer 3

T7

Question 4

Sternal notch is at

Answer 4

T2

Question 5

Sternal angle is at

Answer 5

2nd rib & T4

Question 6

Nipple is at

Answer 6

T4 dermatome

Question 7

Umbilicus is at

Answer 7

T10 dermatome

Question 8

Main motion of the Thoracic spine is

Answer 8

Rotation (Upper - R, Lower - F/E)

Question 9

Motion of the Thoracic spine is limited by

Answer 9

the ribcage

Question 10

Primary muscles of respiration

Answer 10

diaphragm & intercostals

Question 11

diaphragm attachments

Answer 11

typhoid process, ribs 6-12, bodies & IV discs of L1-L3

Question 12

diaphragm innervations

Answer 12

Phrenic C3-C5

Question 13

diaphragm action

Answer 13

contracts for inspiration, causes venous & lymph return to thorax

Question 14

Intercostal action

Answer 14

elevate ribs in inspiration, prevent retractions in inspiration

Question 15

Secondary muscles of respiration

Answer 15

scalenes, pec minor, serratus anterior & posterior, quadratus lumborum, lats

Question 16

Atypical ribs

Answer 16

1, 2, 11, 12, (some consider 10)

Question 17

Typical ribs have

Answer 17

tubercle (TP articulation), head (vertebra articulation above & corresponding), neck, angle, shaft

Question 18

True Ribs

Answer 18

1-7 - attach directly to sternum

Question 19

False ribs

Answer 19

8-12 - do not attach directly to sternum

Question 20

Floating ribs

Answer 20

11 & 12 - no anterior attachment

Question 21

Which ribs primarily have pump-handle motion?

Answer 21

1-5

Question 22

Which ribs primarily have bucket-handle motion?

Answer 22

6-10

Question 23

Which ribs primarily have caliper motion?

Answer 23

11-12

Question 24

Inhalation dysfunction

Answer 24

moves cephalad in inhalation, but not caudal in exhalation (held up)

Question 25

Pump-handle ribs - inhalation dysfunction

Answer 25

anterior narrowing of ICS above dysfunctional rib, superior edge of posterior rib angle is prominent

Question 26

Pump-handle ribs - inhalation dysfunction - TTC location

Answer 26

Costochondral & chondrosternal junctions & posterior rib angles

Question 27

Bucket-handle ribs - inhalation dysfunction

Answer 27

lateral narrowing of ICS above dysfunctional rib, lower rib edge is prominent

Question 28

Bucket-handle ribs - inhalation dysfunction - TTC location

Answer 28

IC mm at mid-axillary line & posterior rib angles

Question 29

Exhalation dysfunction

Answer 29

moves caudad in exhalation, but not cephalad in inhalation (held down)

Question 30

In a group inhalation dysfunction, the key rib is

Answer 30

the lowest rib

Question 31

In a group exhalation dysfunction, the key rib is

Answer 31

the uppermost rib

Question 32

OMT targets which rib

Answer 32

KEY rib