Chapter 1 - The Basics

Question 1

Somatic Dysfunction definition

Answer 1

impaired skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial structures, blood supply, lymph, & nervous function may be altered

Question 2

TARt

Answer 2

TTC + Asymmetry of structure + Restriction of motion + tenderness

Question 3

TTC

Answer 3

edematous, tender, fibrosed, atrophied, rigid, or hypertonic

Question 4

Physiologic barrier

Answer 4

point to which pt can actively move joint

Question 5

Anatomic barrier

Answer 5

point to which a physician can passively move joint

Question 6

Movement beyond the anatomic barrier

Answer 6

will cause ligament, tendon, or skeletal injury

Question 7

Restrictive (Pathologic) Barrier

Answer 7

lies before the physiologic barrier & prevents full ROM

Question 8

Pathologic Neutral

Answer 8

If SD is present, the neutral position will not be at midline

Question 9

The only subjective component of TART

Answer 9

tenderness

Question 10

TTC of acute SD

Answer 10

edematous, erythematous, boggy, moisture, hypertonic

Question 11

Asymmetry of acute SD

Answer 11

present

Question 12

Restriction of acute SD

Answer 12

present, painful

Question 13

Tenderness of acute SD

Answer 13

severe, sharp

Question 14

TTC of chronic SD

Answer 14

decreased or no edema, no erythema, cool dry skin, slight tension, decreased muscle tone, flaccid, ropy, fibrotic

Question 15

Asymmetry of chronic SD

Answer 15

present w/ compensation in other areas of the body

Question 16

Restriction of chronic SD

Answer 16

present, decreased, or no pain

Question 17

Tenderness of chronic SD

Answer 17

dull, achy, burning

Question 18

Year of Fryette’s laws

Answer 18

1918

Question 19

Fryette Law I

Answer 19

Neutral, group curve, side bending proceeds rotation & SB and R occur in opposite directions

Question 20

Fryette Law II

Answer 20

Flexed or Extended, rotation proceeds SB, SB and R occur in same direction, single segment

Question 21

Fryette Law III created by

Answer 21

CR Nelson in 1948

Question 22

Fryette Law III

Answer 22

motion in one plane decreases motion in the other 2 planes

Question 23

When naming dysfunctions, always use which segment as a reference?

Answer 23

segment below (i.e. SD of T2 is described as restriction of T2 on T3)

Question 24

Facet orientation of the cervical spine

Answer 24

Backward, upward, medial

Question 25

Facet orientation of the thoracic spine

Answer 25

Backward, upward, lateral

Question 26

Facet orientation of the lumbar spine

Answer 26

Backward, medial

Question 27

Flexion/Extension of the spine occurs in which plane?

Answer 27

sagittal

Question 28

Flexion/Extension of the spine occurs about which axis?

Answer 28

transverse

Question 29

Rotation of the spine occurs in which plane?

Answer 29

transverse

Question 30

Rotation of the spine occurs about which axis?

Answer 30

Vertical

Question 31

Sidebending of the spine occurs in which plane?

Answer 31

Coronal

Question 32

Sidebending of the spine occurs about which axis?

Answer 32

A/P

Question 33

Isotonic Contraction

Answer 33

origin & insertion approximate, but muscle tension is constant; operator F < patient F

Question 34

Isometric Contraction

Answer 34

Muscle tension increases, but no change in muscle length; operator F = patient F

Question 35

Isolytic Contraction

Answer 35

Muscle contraction against force, forcing muscle to lengthen; operator F > patient F

Question 36

Concentric Contraction

Answer 36

origin & insertion approximate (mm shortens)

Question 37

Eccentric Contraction

Answer 37

muscle lengthens

Question 38

Direct OMT

Answer 38

engages the restrictive barrier

Question 39

Indirect OMT

Answer 39

moves away from the restrictive barrier

Question 40

Passive technique

Answer 40

patient is relaxed & physician moves body tissues

Question 41

Active technique

Answer 41

patient assists usually w/ isometric or isotonic contraction

Question 42

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Counterstrain

Answer 42

Indirect - Passive

Question 43

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | FPR

Answer 43

Indirect - Passive

Question 44

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Muscle Energy

Answer 44

Direct - Active

Question 45

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | HVLA

Answer 45

Direct - Passive

Question 46

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Cranial

Answer 46

Direct and/or Indirect - Passive

Question 47

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Lymphatic Tx

Answer 47

Direct - Passive

Question 48

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Chapman's reflexes

Answer 48

Direct - Passive

Question 49

Direct or Indirect? Active of Passive? | Myofascial release

Answer 49

Indirect and/or direct; passive and/or active

Question 50

Elderly & hospitalized patients best tolerate?

Answer 50

indirect techniques or gentle direct (ART)

Question 51

Contraindications of osteoporosis or metastatic cancer pts?

Answer 51

HVLA - could lead to fractures | Primarily a concern for rib fx

Question 52

Acute neck strains best tolerate?

Answer 52

indirect techniques

Question 53

For sick pts limit OMT to

Answer 53

a few key areas

Question 54

Pediatric pts may need to be treated

Answer 54

more frequently

Question 55

Geriatric pts may need to be treated

Answer 55

less frequently - require longer time to respond

Question 56

Acute cases should be treated how with regards to frequency?

Answer 56

shorter intervalas b/w treatments; increase interval as they respond to treatment

Question 57

Before treating psoas syndrome, treat ? or ? 1st.

Answer 57

lumbar or thoraco-lumbar 1st

Question 58

Before treating cervical spine, treat ? and ? 1st

Answer 58

ribs & upper thorax 1st

Question 59

Before treating ribs, treat ? 1st.

Answer 59

Thoracic spine

Question 60

For acute SD, treat ? 1st to allow access to acute areas.

Answer 60

peripheral areas 1st

Question 61

What is a good technique to relax the pt so future OMT is more successful?

Answer 61

Cranial

Question 62

For extremity SD, treat ? , ? and ? 1st.

Answer 62

spine, sacrum, & ribs 1st (axial skeleton)