Chapter 7 - Translation Flashcards
What are Ribosomes made of?
rRNA and Proteins
How is the anti-codon read?
3’—-> 5’
What makes the tRNA’s charged?
Because the Amino Acid is attached
How is the mRNA codon read?
from 5’ –> 3’
What is the initation codon?
it starts tells where translation begins
what is the code for the initiation codon?
AUG
What is the chain termination codon?
Tells where translation stops
How is genetic code written?
it is written in triplets with no overlapping
Is genetic code continuous?
yes, no nucleotides are skipped
Is the code universal?
yes, almost organisms use the same code
Is the code redundant?
Yes, more than one codon can code for the same amino acid
explain the start/stop signals
the start codon is always AUG and stop codons are nonsense codons
WHat is the P-site?
It is the peptidyl site, where initiator tRNA binds
What is the A-site?
Aminoacyl site, acceptor site for tRNA
What is the E-site?
Exit site, uncharged tRNA
How many proteins does mRNA produce in Eukaryotes?
1 protein
How many proteins does prokaryotic mRNA produce?
they are Polycistronic, can produce more than 1 protein
which domain contains monocistron?
eukaryotes
What occurs during translation initiation?
- ribosomes assembled
- tRNA initiator binds to P-site and finds the 1st AUG
after the bound tRNA released its peptide, what happens?
it becomes uncharged and that peptide joins the polypeptide chain
Where does TNL start, and where does it end?
it starts at 5’ and ends at 3’
What trend can you see in the proteins as you go from 5’ to 3’?
They get larger as you move along the chain
Does tRNA bind to stop codon?
nah fam
What happens to the peptide chain when TNL is complete?
the polypeptide chain will be released
What does phosphorylation do?
It turns on/ activates proteins
What does Ubiquitin do?
It is a small molecule that targets the protein to proteasome for degradation
