Chapter 7 - Translation

Question 1

What are Ribosomes made of?

Answer 1

rRNA and Proteins

Question 2

How is the anti-codon read?

Answer 2

3’—-> 5’

Question 3

What makes the tRNA’s charged?

Answer 3

Because the Amino Acid is attached

Question 4

How is the mRNA codon read?

Answer 4

from 5’ –> 3’

Question 5

What is the initation codon?

Answer 5

it starts tells where translation begins

Question 6

what is the code for the initiation codon?

Answer 6

AUG

Question 7

What is the chain termination codon?

Answer 7

Tells where translation stops

Question 8

How is genetic code written?

Answer 8

it is written in triplets with no overlapping

Question 9

Is genetic code continuous?

Answer 9

yes, no nucleotides are skipped

Question 10

Is the code universal?

Answer 10

yes, almost organisms use the same code

Question 11

Is the code redundant?

Answer 11

Yes, more than one codon can code for the same amino acid

Question 12

explain the start/stop signals

Answer 12

the start codon is always AUG and stop codons are nonsense codons

Question 13

WHat is the P-site?

Answer 13

It is the peptidyl site, where initiator tRNA binds

Question 14

What is the A-site?

Answer 14

Aminoacyl site, acceptor site for tRNA

Question 15

What is the E-site?

Answer 15

Exit site, uncharged tRNA

Question 16

How many proteins does mRNA produce in Eukaryotes?

Answer 16

1 protein

Question 17

How many proteins does prokaryotic mRNA produce?

Answer 17

they are Polycistronic, can produce more than 1 protein

Question 18

which domain contains monocistron?

Answer 18

eukaryotes

Question 19

What occurs during translation initiation?

Answer 19

• ribosomes assembled
• tRNA initiator binds to P-site and finds the 1st AUG

Question 20

after the bound tRNA released its peptide, what happens?

Answer 20

it becomes uncharged and that peptide joins the polypeptide chain

Question 21

Where does TNL start, and where does it end?

Answer 21

it starts at 5’ and ends at 3’

Question 22

What trend can you see in the proteins as you go from 5’ to 3’?

Answer 22

They get larger as you move along the chain

Question 23

Does tRNA bind to stop codon?

Answer 23

nah fam

Question 24

What happens to the peptide chain when TNL is complete?

Answer 24

the polypeptide chain will be released

Question 25

What does phosphorylation do?

Answer 25

It turns on/ activates proteins

Question 26

What does Ubiquitin do?

Answer 26

It is a small molecule that targets the protein to proteasome for degradation