Chapter 7- Theory And Nursing Research Flashcards
Def theory
A set of related statements that describes or explains phenomena in systematic way
TF- nurses use theories to explain happenings of significance to nursing
True
TF - theories explain why an event happens
False- explains why 1 event is a/w another or what causes an event to occur
Def Propositional statements
Rships bx concepts we presented in theoretical statements
Theories are never considered to be _______ or ________
True or proven
Def concept
A word picture, or mental idea of a phenomenon
Symbolize some concept of reality
A concept may be —— or ———
Concrete or abstract
def construct
A phenomena that cannot be directly observed but must be inferred by certain concrete, or less abstract indicators of the phenomenon
Def propositional statements
Asserts rship bx concepts
What are propositional statements based on
Empirical data
Def empirical generalization
When a similar pattern of events is found in the empirical data of a number of different studies
Def hypothesis
Predicts the rship bx 2 or more variables
Presents the researchers expectations abt the outcome of the study
Def model
A symbolic rep of some phenomenon
Def diagram
Portrays a theory in a fashion that demonstrates the structure and parts of the study
Def conceptual models
Made up of concepts and propositions that state the rship bx concepts
What was Dorothy Orems study abt
Self care
Rogers study
Science of unitary human beings
Viewed humans as continually evolving
Person is viewed as a unified whole
Roy’s adaptation model
Adaptation is the framework for nursing
Nursing focus on person as a total being
Humans are biopsychosocial beings in constant interaction w/ their env
Ppl viewed as adaptive systems with cognates and regulator coping mechanisms that act to maintain adaptation in 4 response modes
What are the 4 response modes of the toys adaptation model
Physiological
Self concept
Role fx
Interdependance
Neumans system model
focuses on the total person
Person is subject to environmental stressors that are inter/intra/extra personal
Nsg interventions may be primary, secondary, or tertiary
Neumans system model client system
Physiological Psychological sociocultural Developmental Spiritual
Primary prevention
Before rxn to a stressor has occurred
Secondary prevention
Rxn to a stressor has already occurred
Tertiary prevention
Used to foster rehab and return to wellness
The nursing process is divided into what 3 steps
Nursing dx
Nsg goals
Nsg outcomes
Purpose of a framework
Helps to organize the study
Provides a context for the interpretation iof the study findings
Def theoretical framework
A broad, general explanation of the Rships bx the concepts of interest
Based on 1 existing theory
Def conceptual framework
Helps explain the rship bx concepts
Where do conceptual frameworks come from?
Several theories
Previous research results
Researchers own experiences
When might a conceptual framework be used?
If there is no existing theory that fits the concepts to be studied
Def deductive reasoning
Proceeds from the general theory to the specific data
Def inductive reasoning
Proceeds from the specific data to the general theory
Name the 2 types of theories
Grand theories
Middle range theories
Def grand theories
A broad range of phenomena in the env ronin the experiences of humans
Def middle range theories
Much more narrow focus of the environment or experience
Which theory is more valuable to nursing - grand or middle range theories?
Middle range theories
Short coming of middle range theory
Most are from other disciplines
Guidelines for critiquing the study framework (9)
Framework clearly identified?
Framework based on Nsg theory or from a diff discipline?
Framework appropriate for the study?
Concepts clearly defined?
Rships among concepts clearly presented?
Are the propositional statements identified that will guide the res question or hypothesis?
Are operational definitions provided for the theoretical concepts that will be tested?
Researcher relate the study findings back to the study framework?
Study findings support the study framework?
