chapter 7: the skeleton Flashcards
What is A?
maxilla
What is B?
temporal
What is D?
occipital
What is the highlighted bone?
mandible
True or False:
All of the bones of the skull, except the mandible, are united by sutures and are therefore immovable.
True
True or False:
The pituitary gland is housed in a saddle-like depression in the temporal bone called the sella turcica.
False
Which portion of the fibula articulates with the talus?
lateral malleolus
Which forms the largest portion of the coxal bone?
ilium
Which is the best description for the function of the cranial bones?
protection of the brain
Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body?
lumbar region
True or False:
The dens articulates with the occipital bone.
False
The proximal end of the radius illustrates the relationship of form and function. The cup-like surface of the radial head articulates with the rounded shape of the capitulum. This forms a joint that allows for ________.
The rotational motion of the forearm
The proximal end of the ulna illustrates the relationship of form and function. The rounded trochlear notch articulates with the hourglass shape of the trochlea. This forms a joint that allows for ________.
The hinge like motion of the forearm
When looking at the range of motion of the various sections of the vertebral column the ________ has the most flexibility
cervical spine
True or False:
There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae.
True
True or False:
In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the radius.
True
The bones in the skull have many different names but what are the boundaries of each bone? Where do they start and stop?
Bones of the skull are separated by immobile joints called sutures.
True or False:
The mastoid sinuses are located at a position in the skull where they are usually free from infections.
False
Which of the bones of the skull would you most associate with hearing and balance?
Temporal bone
True or False:
In women of childbearing age, the dimensions of the true pelvis are of utmost importance.
True
Which of the following is true about paranasal sinuses?
a. Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull.
b. Paranasal sinuses are found in maxillary, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones.
c. Paranasal sinuses contain passages acting as one-way valves.
d. Paranasal sinuses open into the oral cavity.
a. Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull.
True or False:
The temporal bone connects to the zygomatic bone via the temporal process of the temporal bone.
False
True or False:
The term vertebrochondral ribs refers to the “false ribs,” that attach to each other before they attach to the sternum.
True
The suture that connects the two parietal bones together is the ________.
sagittal
Which of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton?
A. bones of the pectoral girdles
B. bones of the lower limbs
C. bones of the the pelvic girdle
D. bones of the face
D. bones of the face
Which of the following bones does NOT fit with the other listed bones?
A. the sphenoid
B. the occipital bone
C. the maxilla
D. the frontal bone
C. the maxilla
The rest are cranial bones not facial
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the orbit?
A. the frontal bone
B. the maxilla
C. temporal bone
D. the zygomatic bone
C. temporal bone
Which of the following bones do NOT contain a paired paranasal sinus?
A. the sphenoid bones
B. the zygomatic bones
C. the ethmoid bones
D. the frontal bones
B. the zygomatic bones
Which of the following is NOT a facial bone?
A. the nasal bone
B. the zygomatic bone
C. the vomer bone
D. the maxilla
E. the sphenoid bone
E. the sphenoid bone
Most facial bones articulate with the __________.
maxillary bones
The vomer and ethmoid bones form part of the __________.
nasal septum
Which letter represents the cervical curvature?
A; The cervical curvature includes the first seven vertebrae and is posteriorly concave
What part of this vertebra is indicated by the letter B?
transverse process
Name the bone feature identified by the letter D.
vertebral foramen
Which vertebrae would you expect to have the largest body, relative to the other regions?
lumbar
How many lumbar vertebrae are there in a typical adult skeleton?
5
What is the most specific term you could apply to the rib at D?
floating rib
Which of the following bones does NOT fit with the other listed bones?
A. the clavicle
B. the true ribs
C. the sternum
D. the vertebrae
A. the clavicle
part of the appendicular skeleton
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it is important to place the compression hands over the sternal body but not over the xiphoid process so that _________.
There is little risk of physically damaging the heart
Which of the following bones is not part of pectoral girdle?
A. the clavicle
B. the scapula
C. the coracoid process
D. the humerus
D. the humerus
Which of the following is a bony articulation for the scapula?
A. subscapular fossa
B. the coracoid process
C. the suprascapular notch
D. the acromion
D. the acromion
Which of the following features of the humerus is NOT designated by a letter label?
A. capitulum
B. greater tubercle
C. medial epicondyle
D. trochlea
C. medial epicondyle
The feature at letter C articulates with which bone?
scapula
What part of this bone articulates with the ulna?
D
Which forearm bone(s) contribute(s) most to the structure of the elbow joint?
the ulna
When you hit your elbow and say that you hit your “funny bone,” you have actually hit a nerve that runs across the bone surface. Over which bone can this nerve be found?
the humerus
Which of the following is a bone marking of the humerus?
A. deltoid tuberosity
B. styloid process
C. radial tuberosity
D. radial notch
A. deltoid tuberosity
On which bone is the greater sciatic notch located?
A
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. The female pelvis is thinner than that of a male.
B. The female pelvis is tilted further forward than the male pelvis.
C. The pelvic outlet is narrower in a female than in a male.
D. The pubic arch is broader in the pelvis of a female than in the pelvis of a male.
C. The pelvic outlet is narrower in a female than in a male.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. The tibia and fibula articulate with the calcaneus at the ankle.
B. The ilium is the most proximal bone in the lower appendicular skeleton.
C. The tibia is the lateral bone in the lower leg.
D. The fibula is the weight-bearing bone in the lower leg.
B. The ilium is the most proximal bone in the lower appendicular skeleton.
Which letter represents the lateral epicondyle?
B
What is the bone feature at A?
greater trochanter
Identify the group of bones known as the phalanges.
A
Which is the largest, longest, and strongest bone in the body?
the femur
A fracture of which structure is commonly referred to as “breaking your hip”?
the neck of the femur
The articulation formed by the tip of the scapula and the clavicle is called the _______________.
acromioclavicular joint
The bone marking that makes up the portion of the pelvis you sit on is the __________.
ischial tuberosity
How many facial bones are there?
14
How many cranial bones are there?
8
The lambdoid suture is located between which skull bones?
parietal and occipital bones
The mandible is unique among the skull bones because of which of the following characteristics?
A. The mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not joined to the other bones of the skull by immobile sutures.
B. The mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not paired.
C. The mandible is the only bone of the skull that contains a socketed margin called the alveolar process.
D. The mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not associated with a skull cavity.
A. The mandible is the only bone of the skull that is not joined to the other bones of the skull by immobile sutures.
Which parts of the pelvic girdle make up the pelvic brim?
ilium and pubis only
When a hand is placed on the hip, which specific bone structure is the hand resting on?
iliac crest of the ilium
Which part of a hip bone specifically articulates with the sacrum?
the auricular surface of ilium
A patient is brought to the trauma center with head and facial injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident. You note a constant flow of clear fluid from her nose. Which bone may be fractured?
ethmoid
Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones.
sagittal suture
Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?
sphenoid
Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?
A. Sphenoid
B. Nasal
C. Frontal
D. Maxillary
B. Nasal
Identify the location of the ethmoid bone.
In between the orbits
Identify the landmark that projects superiorly into the floor of the skull and serves as a site of attachment for the meninges.
crista galli
Identify the cranial nerve that passes through the olfactory foramina.
The olfactory nerve (CN I)
Identify the recessed area surrounding the crista galli.
cribriform plates
True or False:
The ethmoid bone is a facial bone.
False
The tiny holes in the cribriform plate are:
olfactory foramina
Nerves and blood vessels pass through the _____ to reach the chin.
Mental foramina
Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together?
medial
Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth?
palatine processes
Which bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum?
vomer
How many bones make up the nasal septum?
2
Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
foramen magnum
Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.
lambdoid
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.
sella turcica
Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.
lesser wings
The sella turcica is best described as:
a depression
True or False:
The sphenoid bone contains a sinus.
true
Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.
zygomatic process
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.
Mandibular fossa
Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine.
Styloid process
Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa.
A shallow depression
Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle.
A projection of the mandible
Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch.
The cheek
Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch.
Zygomatic bone and temporal bone
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
atlas
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
axis
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head “yes”.
Occipital bone - atlas
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head “no”.
Atlas - axis
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas.
Occipital condyles
Which vertebra lacks both a body and spinous process?
atlas
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.
sacrum
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
5
Identify the tailbone.
coccyx
Which landmark is composed of fused spinous processes?
median sacral crest
Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively?
Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar
Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib.
demi-facet
What thoracic vertebrae is the largest?
T12
Which of these regions of the vertebral column would be most accessible from a posterior surgical approach?
lamina
Another name for the axis is:
c2
How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?
7
How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?
5
Identify the shield shaped top of the sternum.
Manubrium
Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum.
Hyaline cartilage
What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR?
Xiphoid Process
How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?
7
Identify the bone that articulates with the clavicle laterally.
scapula
Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula?
A. Coracoid process
B. Glenoid fossa
C. Lateral border
D. Spine
D. Spine
How many carpals make up the wrist?
8
How many phalanges are located in the hand?
14
Where is the radius located in reference to the ulna?
Lateral
Identify the region of the radius that articulates with the ulna.
head
Which digit is the radius closest to?
1
Identify the type of movement enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow.
supination
The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.
three
What is the largest region of the hip bone?
ilium
On a busy orthopedic service, you encounter several patients, each of whom has broken a different bone in the lower extremity. Which complete fracture will probably allow the earliest resumption of normal walking?
A. Calcaneal
B. Tibia
C. Fibular
D. Femoral
C. Fibular
Name the noticeable bump on the outside of the ankle.
Lateral malleolus
