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CC Med Terms 01 > Chapter 7 The Respiratory System Medical Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 7 The Respiratory System Medical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

a life-threatening condition in which inflammation in the lungs and fluid in the alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

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2
Q

the swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus

A

airway inflammation

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3
Q

occurs when food or a foreign object partially or completely blocks the airway and prevents air from entering or leaving the lungs

A

airway obstruction (choking)

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4
Q

an allergic reaction to airborne allergens

A

allergic rhinitis (allergy)

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5
Q

an overreaction by the body to a particular antigen

A

allergy

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6
Q

the absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues or organs despite adequate flow of blood

A

anoxia

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7
Q

the form of pneumoconiosis caused by coal dust in the lungs

A

anthracosis (coal miner’s pneumoconiosis or black lung disease)

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8
Q

medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing

A

antitussive (cough medicine)

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9
Q

the loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

A

aphonia

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10
Q

the form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs

A

asbestosis

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11
Q

the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

A

asphyxia

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12
Q

pneumonia caused by a foreign substance, such as vomit, being inhaled into the lungs

A

aspiration pneumonia

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13
Q

a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes

A

asthma

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14
Q

incomplete expansion of part of all of the lung

A

atelectasis (collapsed lung)

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15
Q

pneumonia caused by streptococcus pneumoniae

A

bacterial pneumonia

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16
Q

noninvasive ventilation device like a CPAP machine; however, it can be set at a higher pressure for inhaling and a lower pressure for exhaling

A

BiPAP machine

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17
Q

an abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than 10 breaths per minute

A

bradypnea

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18
Q

permanent dilation of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation

A

bronchiectasis

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19
Q

a medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

A

bronchodilator

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20
Q

a localized form of pneumonia often affects the bronchioles

A

bronchopneumonia

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21
Q

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

A

bronchorrhea

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22
Q

the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

A

bronchoscopy

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23
Q

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut

A

bronchospasm

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24
Q

a valuable tool for diagnosing pneumonia, lung cancer, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and emphysema

A

chest x-ray (chest imaging)

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25
Q

an irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slow respiration or apnea

A

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

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26
Q

a disease in which the airways have become inflammed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant

A

chronic brochitis

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27
Q

a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it hard to breath

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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28
Q

a type of pneumonia that results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic

A

community-acquired pneumonia

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29
Q

a noninvasive ventilation device used in the treatment of sleep apnea

A

CPAP machine (continuous positive airway pressure)

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30
Q

an acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor

A

croup

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31
Q

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

A

cyanosis

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32
Q

a life threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus

A

cystic fibrosis

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33
Q

a relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety

A

diaphragmatic breathing (abdominal breathing)

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34
Q

an acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

A

diphtheria

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35
Q

difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality

A

dysphonia

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36
Q

difficult or labored breathing

A

dyspnea (shortness of breath (SOB) )

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37
Q

the progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking

A

emphysema

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38
Q

an accumulation of pus in a body cavity

A

empyema

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39
Q

the passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway

A

endotracheal intubation

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40
Q

bleeding from the nose

A

epistaxis (nose-bleed)

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41
Q

easy or normal breathing

A

eupnea

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42
Q

the act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus, or other body fluid

A

expectoration

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43
Q

a surgical procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and sinus

A

function endoscopic sinus surgery

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44
Q

a surgical procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and sinus

A

functional endoscopic sinus surgery

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45
Q

expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum

A

hemoptysis

46
Q

a collection of blood in the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

47
Q

a type of pneumonia contracted during a stay in the hospital when a patient’s defenses are impaired

A

hospital-acquired pneumonia (nosocomial pneumonia)

48
Q

use or inhaled oxygen in a special chamber with increased air pressure to promote healing and fight infection

A

hyperbaric oxygen therapy

49
Q

the abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

hypercapnia

50
Q

breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest

A

hyperpnea

51
Q

an abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety

A

hyperventilation

52
Q

shallow or slow respiration

A

hypopnea

53
Q

the condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia

A

hypoxia

54
Q

a highly contagious viral respiratory infection that occurs in seasonal epidemics

A

influenza

55
Q

a group of diseases that cause inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures

A

interstitial lung diseases

56
Q

the surgical removal of the larynx

A

laryngectomy

57
Q

inflammation of the larynx

A

laryngitis

58
Q

the visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a laryngoscope

A

laryngoscopy

59
Q

the sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

A

laryngospasm

60
Q

a surgical incision into the larynx

A

laryngotomy

61
Q

a type of pneumonia that affects larger areas of the lungs, often one or more sections, or lobes, of a lung

A

lobar pneumonia

62
Q

the surgical removal of a lobe of an organ

A

lobectomy

63
Q

a condition in which cancer cells form in the tissues of the lung

A

lung cancer

64
Q

a test for diagnosing tuberculosis

A

Mantoux PPD skin test

65
Q

a medical device that administers a specific amount of a medication such as a bronchodilator in aerosol form

A

metered dose inhaler

66
Q

an electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist that is inhaled via a face mask or mouthpiece

A

nebulizer

67
Q

a handheld device used to measure quickly a person with asthma can expel air

A

peak flow meter

68
Q

a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of paroxysmal cough

A

pertussis (whooping cough)

69
Q

inflammation of the pharynx

A

pharyngitis (sore throat)

70
Q

thick mucus secreted by tissues lining the respiratory tract

A

phlegm

71
Q

the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space that prevents the lung from fully expanding

A

pleural effusion

72
Q

inflammation of the pleura that produces sharp chest pain with each breath

A

pleurisy (pleuritis)

73
Q

pain in the pleura or in the side

A

pleurodynia

74
Q

any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

A

pneumoconiosis

75
Q

the form of pneumonia caused by an opportunistic infection with the fungus Pneumocystis carinii

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

76
Q

the surgical removal of all or part of the lung

A

pneumonectomy

77
Q

a serious infection or inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid

A

pneumonia

78
Q

bleeding from the lungs

A

pneumorrhagia

79
Q

the accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lungs to fully or partially collapse

A

pneumothorax

80
Q

the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep

A

polysomnography (sleep study)

81
Q

an accumulation of fluid in the lung tissues

A

pulmonary edema

82
Q

the sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that has formed in the leg or pelvic region

A

pulmonary embolism

83
Q

the progressive formation of scar tissue in the lung, resulting in decreased lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing

A

pulmonary fibrosis (interstitial fibrosis)

84
Q

a group of tests that measure volume and flow of air by utilizing a spirometer

A

pulmonary function tests

85
Q

an external monitor that measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood

A

pulse oximeter

86
Q

the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of pleural membrane

A

pyothorax (empyema of the pleural cavity)

87
Q

a condition in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerous low or the level of carbon dioxide becomes dangerously high

A

respiratory failure (RF) (respiratory acidosis)

88
Q

the watery flow of mucus from the nose

A

rhinorrhea (runny nose)

89
Q

the surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum

A

septoplasty

90
Q

the form of pnemoconiosis caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs

A

silicosis

91
Q

an inflammation of the sinuses

A

sinusitis

92
Q

a potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

A

sleep apnea

93
Q

damage to the lungs in which particles from a fire coat the alveoli and prevent normal exchange of gases

A

smoke inhalation

94
Q

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled (volume) and the length of time required for each breath

A

spirometer

95
Q

phlegm ejected through the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes

A

sputum

96
Q

an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx

A

stridor

97
Q

the sudden and unexplainable death of an apparently healthy sleeping infant between the ages of two and six months

A

sudden infant death syndrome

98
Q

administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood from breathing normal air

A

supplemental oxygen

99
Q

an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute

A

tachypnea

100
Q

the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

A

thoracacentesis

101
Q

surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

A

thoracotomy

102
Q

bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea

A

tracheorrhagia

103
Q

the surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a tube to facilitate breathing

A

tracheostomy

104
Q

an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage

A

tracheotomy

105
Q

a screening test for tuberculosis in which the skin of the arm is injected with harmless antigen extracted from the TB bacteria

A

tuberculin skin testing

106
Q

an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs

A

tuberculosis

107
Q

a mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patient’s natural breathing function

A

ventilator (respirator)

108
Q

a term used to describe the common cold; coryza

A

upper respiratory infections(acute nasopharyngitis or the common cold)

109
Q

the use of a thoracoscope to view the inside of the pleural cavity through very small incisions

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)

110
Q

caused by several different types of viruses, accounts for approximately a third of all pneumonias

A

viral pneumonia

111
Q

a milder but longer-lasting form of pneumonia caused by the bacteria mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

walking pneumonia (mycoplasma pneumonia)

112
Q

a surgery in which a small wedge-shaped piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed, along with a margin of healthy tissue around the cancer

A

wedge resection

CC Med Terms 01 (65 decks)

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