Chapter 15 Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology A&P

Question 1

means the evaluation or appraisal of the patient’s condition

Answer 1

assessment

Question 2

includes a number of factors: how patient is dressed, any body odor, or if there are signs of possible difficulties with self care

Answer 2

overall appearance

Question 3

refers to the patient’s expression, tone of voice, mood, and emotions

Answer 3

emotional affect

Question 4

means the way the patient walks, including gait

Answer 4

ambulation

Question 5

are the four key indications that the body systems are functioning

Answer 5

vital signs

Question 6

is the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the beating of the heart

Answer 6

pulse

Question 7

also known as respiratory rate, is the number of complete breaths per minute

Answer 7

respiration

Question 8

is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries

Answer 8

blood pressure

Question 9

patient is asked to describe his or her level of pain from 0 to 10

Answer 9

pain rating scale

Question 10

which comes quickly, can be severe and lasts only a relatively short time

Answer 10

acute pain

Question 11

which can be mild or severe, persists over a longer period of time that acute pain

Answer 11

chronic pain

Question 12

caused by the tricuspid and mitral valve closing between the atria and the ventricles

Answer 12

lubb sound

Question 13

caused by the closing of the semilunar valves in the aorta and pulmonary arteries as blood is pumped out of the heart

Answer 13

dupp sound

Question 14

is an abnormal rhythmic vibration felt when palpating an artery

Answer 14

thrill

Question 15

also known as bowel sounds, are normal noises made by the intestine

Answer 15

abdominal sounds

Question 16

results are needed immediately

Answer 16

stat

Question 17

means tests are frequently performed as a group on automated multi-channel laboratory testing equipment

Answer 17

profile

Question 18

is a medical professional who is trained to draw blood from patients

Answer 18

phlebotomist

Question 19

is a group of eight specific blood tests that provide important information about the current status of the patient’s kidneys,

Answer 19

basic metabolic panel

Question 20

reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids that are present

Answer 20

specific gravity

Question 21

also known as urine C and S, is a laboratory test that is used to identify cause of a urinary tract infection and to determine which antibiotic would be the most effective treatment

Answer 21

urine culture and sensitivity tests (urine C and S)

Question 22

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders with x-rays and other forms of radiant energy

Answer 22

radiologist

Question 23

is the use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure such as a biopsy

Answer 23

interventional radiology

Question 24

describes the placement of the patient’s body and the part of the body that is closest to the x-ray film

Answer 24

radiographic positioning

Question 25

describes the path that the x-ray beam follows through the patient's body from the entrance to the exit

Answer 25

radiographic projection

Question 26

commonly known as Panorrex, shows all structures in both dental arches in a single film

Answer 26

panoramic radiograph

Question 27

is the image created by ultrasonography

Answer 27

sonogram

Question 28

radioactive substance known as radiopharmaceuticals are administered for either diagnostic or treatment purposes

Answer 28

nuclear medicine

Question 29

is the study of the nature, uses, and effects of drugs for medical purposes

Answer 29

pharmacology

Question 30

is a licensed specialist who formulates and dispenses prescribed medications

Answer 30

pharmacist

Question 31

is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine that is sold over the counter under the brand names of advil and motrin

Answer 31

ibuprofen

Question 32

are applied topically to relieve pain due to conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 32

pain-relieving cream

Question 33

abbreviation for peripherally inserted central catheter, is frequently used for a patient who will need IV therapy for more than 7 days

Answer 33

PICC line

Question 34

try to reduce stress and prevent its negative effects on the body

Answer 34

mind-body therapies

Question 35

try to improve or maintain health by maintaining the body's energy flow

Answer 35

energy-therapies

Question 36

try to improve body function by physically manipulating or massaging the body

Answer 36

hands-on-therapies

Question 37

is a group of eight specific blood tests that provide important information about the current status of the patient's kidneys, electrolyte balance, blood sugar, and calcium levels

Answer 37

basic metabolic panel (BMP, or Profile 8)

Question 38

is performed to screen for urinary and systemic disorders

Answer 38

routine urinalysis

Question 39

is performed when more-detailed testing of the specimen is necessary, for example, to identify casts

Answer 39

microscopic examination

Question 40

is excessive acid in the body fluids

Answer 40

acidosis

Question 41

is the major end product of protein metabolism found in urine and blood

Answer 41

urea***

Question 42

are fibrous or protein materials, such as pus and fats, that are thrown off into the urine in kidney disease

Answer 42

casts

Question 43

is the clumping together of red blood cells

Answer 43

agglutination

Question 44

range of urine is from 4.5-8

Answer 44

pH

Question 45

dilute urine is characteristic of diabetes insipidus

Answer 45

low specific gravity

Question 46

concentrated urine occurs in conditions such as dehydration, liver failure, or shock

Answer 46

high specific gravity

Question 47

is a form of protein found in most body tissue

Answer 47

albumin

Question 48

is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is normally removed by the kidneys

Answer 48

creatinine

Question 49

are formed when the body breaks down fat and their presence in urine can indicate starvation or uncontrolled diabetes

Answer 49

ketones

Question 50

means has a cloudy or smoky appearance

Answer 50

turbid

Question 51

it is administered orally for an upper GI series

Answer 51

barium swallow

Question 52

it is administered rectally for a lower GI series

Answer 52

barium enema

Question 53

is injected into a vein to make the flow of blood through the blood vessels and organs visible

Answer 53

intravenous contrast medium

Question 54

commonly known as a panorex, shows all of the structures in both dental arches in a single film

Answer 54

panoramic radiograph

Question 55

is the most commonly used type of equipment, produces the most accurate images; however, the patients can be uncomfortable because of the noise generated by the machine and the feeling of being closed in

Answer 55

closed architecture MRI

Question 56

is designed to be less confining and is more comfortable to some patients

Answer 56

open architecture MRI

Question 57

is the use of sound waves to image the carotid artery to detect an obstruction that could cause an ischemic stroke

Answer 57

carotid ultrasound

Question 58

is a technique that uses specialized equipment to create photograph-like images of the developing child

Answer 58

3D/4D ultrasound

Question 59

is the study of the nature, uses, and effects of drugs for medical purposes

Answer 59

pharmacology