Chapter 7 Test Flashcards
Three nitrogenous waste products that are released into the bloodstream
Urea, creatine, and uric acid
Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow
Erythropoetin (EPO)
Raises blood pressure (to keep blood moving through the kidney)
Renin
Small molecules that conduct and electrical charge
Electrolytes
Examples of electrolytes
sodium and potassium
Two hormones that the kidney releases
Renin and erythropoetin
Active form of Vitamin D
Calciferol
Four functions of the kidneys
Remove nitrogenous wastes
Balance water and electrolytes
Release hormone
Degrade and eliminate hormones
cali/o, calic/o
calyx; cup-shaped
pyel/o
renal pelvis
vesic/o
urinary bladder
azot/o
nitrogen
dips/o
thirst
kal/i
potassium
natr/o
sodium
olig/o
scanty
-tripsy
crushing
Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the real tubules
interstitial nephritis
Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine
nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)
multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney
polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
pyelonephritis
Decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function
renal failure
Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood
Wilms tumor
Malignant tumor of the urinary bladder
Bladder cancer
antidiuretic hormone is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH
diabetes insipidus (DI)
insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects
diabetes mellitus (DM)
Measurement of urea levels in the blood
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
X-ray examination (with contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
KUB
X-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding
voiding cystourethrogram
Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope
cystoscopy
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood
dialysis
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
AKI
acute kidney infection
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
CKD
chronic kidney disease
C&S
culture and sensitivity testing
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
K+
potassium
Na+
sodium
KUB
kidney, ureter, and bladder
pH
potential hydrogen
UA
urinalysis
UTI
urinary tract infection
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
Lack of ADH causes…(2)
decreased reabsorption
increased urine output with dehydration
Most common diagnostic procedure for bladder cancer
Cystoscopy with biopsy
Signs and symptoms of bladder cancer
microscopic hematuria and dysuria
ESRD
end stage renal disease
AKI is…
sudden, severe onset
Renal failure that has 5 stages, is slowly progressive, loss of glomerulus filtration rate (GFR)
CKD
Signs and symptoms of pyelonephritis
upper UTI, flank pain, tx. with antibiotics
low SG equals
more dilute
higher SG equals
more concentrated
