Chapter 10 Pathology Only

Question 1

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain

Answer 1

hydrocephalus

Question 2

congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts

Answer 2

spina bifida

Question 3

brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive dementia, personality change, and impairment of daily functioning

Answer 3

Alzheimer’s

Question 4

degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem

Answer 4

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 5

chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity

Answer 5

epilepsy

Question 6

hereditary disorder marker by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration

Answer 6

Huntington’s

Question 7

destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in th e CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue

Answer 7

multiple sclerosis (MS)

Question 8

autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles

Answer 8

myasthenia gravis (MG)

Question 9

paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function)

Answer 9

palsy

Question 10

degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring later in life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement

Answer 10

Parkinson’s

Question 11

involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words

Answer 11

Tourette’s

Question 12

viral infection affecting peripheral nerves

Answer 12

herpes zoster (shingles)

Question 13

inflammation of the meninges

Answer 13

meningitis

Question 14

brain disease and dementia occuring with AIDS

Answer 14

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy

Question 15

abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges

Answer 15

brain tumor

Question 16

type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head

Answer 16

cerebral contusion

Question 17

bruising of the brain tissue resulting from direct trauma to the head

Answer 17

cerebral contusion

Question 18

disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke

Answer 18

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Question 19

thrombotic CVA

Answer 19

due to a blood clot

Question 20

short episodes of neurologic dysfunction

Answer 20

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 21

embolic CVA

Answer 21

due to a dislodged thrombus

Question 22

hemorrhagic CVA

Answer 22

due to a blood vessel breaking and bleeding

Question 23

severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular headache

Answer 23

migraine

Question 24

vesicular lesions follow nerve around body

Answer 24

neuralgia

Question 25

vaccine for shingles

Answer 25

antiviral drugs

Question 26

etiologies of CVA (3)

Answer 26

carotid arteries
atherosclerosis
TIAs