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Anatomical Terminology II - Bushey > Chapter 19 Overview > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Overview Flashcards

1
Q

disease that is caused by abnormal and excessive growth of cells in the body

A

cancer

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2
Q

new growths that arise from normal tissue

A

tumors (neoplasms)

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3
Q

capable of invasion and spread to surrounding or more distant sites

A

malignant

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4
Q

noninvasive and not spreading to other sites

A

benign

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5
Q

benign tumors grow slowly or rapidly

A

slowly

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6
Q

malignant tumor cells grow slowly or rapidly

A

rapidly

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7
Q

contained within a fibrous capsule or covrt

A

encapsulated

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8
Q

benign tumors are often ________

A

encapsulated

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9
Q

malignant tumors characteristically are ______ and _______

A

invasive and infiltrative

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10
Q

stain excessively with dyes that recognize genetic material (DNA)

A

hyperchromatic

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11
Q

malignant transformation results from damage to what?

A

DNA

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12
Q

cell division

A

mitosis

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13
Q

each DNA piece

A

gene

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14
Q

DNA stops making normal codes that allow the cells to carry on the function of differentiating mature cells

A

anaplastic

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15
Q

found in a variety of products and drugs

A

chemical carcinogens

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16
Q

consists of waves of energy

A

radiation

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17
Q

programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

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18
Q

ras

A

colon cancer

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19
Q

myc

A

lymphoma

20
Q

abl

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

21
Q

premalignant polyps that grow in the colon and rectum

A

adenomatous polypsis coli syndrome

22
Q

cancerous tumor arising from grandular cells lining the stomach

A

gastric adenocarcinoma

23
Q

embryonic connective tissue from which sarcomas are derived

A

mesenchymal tissue

24
Q

tumors derived from bone marrow

A

leukemias and multiple myelomas

25
Q

tumors derived from immune cells of the lymphatic system

A

lymphomas

26
Q

glial cells within the brain and other cell of the nervous system give rise to malignancies such as….

A

gliomas and neuroblastomas

27
Q

tumors that are derived from tissue that is capable of differentiating into both epithelial and connective tissue

A

mixed-tissue tumors

28
Q

forming large open spaces filled with fluid

A

cystic

29
Q

mushrooming pattern of growth in which tumor cells pile one on top of another and project from a tissue surface

A

fungating

30
Q

having the features of inflammation

A

inflammatory

31
Q

large, soft, fleshy tumors

A

medullary

32
Q

containing dead tissue

A

necrotic

33
Q

growths that form projections extending outward from a base

A

polypoid

34
Q

characterized by an open, exposed surface resulting from the death of overlying tissue

A

ulcerating

35
Q

resembling a wart-like growth

A

verrucous

36
Q

tumor cells form patterns resembling small sacs

A

alveolar

37
Q

referring to localized tumor cells that have not invaded adjacent structures

A

carcinoma in situ

38
Q

spreading evenly throughout the affected tissue

A

diffuse

39
Q

containing abnormal-appearing cells that are not clearly cancerous

A

epidermoid

40
Q

forming small glandular sacs

A

follicular

41
Q

forming small, finger-like or nipple-like projection of cells

A

papillary

42
Q

composed of a variety of types of cells

A

pleomorphic

43
Q

densly packed tumors, due to dense bands of fibrous tissue

A

scirrhous

44
Q

lacking microscopic structures typical of normal mature cells

A

undifferentiated

45
Q

size and degree of local extension

A

T

46
Q

number of regional lymph nodes invaded by tumor cells

A

N

47
Q

spread of tumor cells to distant sites

A

M

Anatomical Terminology II - Bushey (15 decks)

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