Chapter 7: Studying Genes

Question 1

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Answer 1

process to hugely simplify the number of copies of a DNA segment of interest; uses heat stable DNA polymerase and primers

Question 2

Reverse Transcriptase PCR

Answer 2

a way of amplifying sequences of RNA by using reverse transcriptase in the first PCR cycle

Question 3

DNA Genotyping

Answer 3

powerful tool to identify criminals people; DNA fingerprinting based on sequence polymorphisms

Question 4

Sequence Polymorphisms

Answer 4

slight sequence differences among individuals

Question 5

Short Tandem Repeats (STR)

Answer 5

a short DNA sequence repeated many times in tandem at a specific location in a chromosome

Question 6

Sanger Method

Answer 6

method of determining the sequence of nucleic acid; requires enzymatic synthesis of DNA strand complementary to strand being analyzed, using radioactively labeled primer

Question 7

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)

Answer 7

useful marker when this gene is fused to a target gene coding the protein of interest