Chapter 7: Secondary Storage Flashcards
Data storage has expanded from text and numeric files to include:
Digital music files, photographic files, video files, and much more.
These new types of files require what?
Secondary storage devices with much greater capacity
Primary storage is:
1) Volatile storage
2) Temporary storage
3) Random Access Memory (RAM)
Volatile storage
Loses content when the computer loses power
Secondary storage is:
1) Nonvolatile storage
2) Permanent storage
Nonvolatile storage
Stores programs and data regardless of power
Permanent storage
Permanently saves information for future use
Secondary storage characteristics
1) Media
2) Capacity
3) Storage devices
4) Access speed
Media
Physical material that holds data and programs
Capacity
Measures how much the media can hold
Storage devices
Hardware that reads data and programs
Access Speed
Amount of time required to retrieve data from storage
Writing is the process of
Saving information to storage
Reading is the process of
Accessing information from storage
Hard disks
Save files by altering the magnetic charges of the disk’s surface to represent the first and zero
Save files by altering the magnetic charges of the disk’s surface to represent the first and zero
1) Use rigid, metallic platters that are stacked one on top of one another
2) Store and organize files using tracks, sectors, and cylinders
Head crash
Occurs when the read-write head makes contact with the hard disk’s surface or with particles on its surface
1) Disastrous
Types of Hard Disks
1) Internal
2) External
Internal Hard Disks
1) Located inside the system unit
2) Used to store programs and data files
3) You should perform routine maintenance and periodically backup all important files
External Hard Disks
1) Removable
2) Used to complement internal hard disk
3) Used to back up the contents of the internal hard disk
Performance Enhancement
There are 3 ways to enhance performance:
3 ways to enhance performance:
1) Disk caching
2) Raid
3) File compression
4) File decompressionn
Solid-State Storage
Having no moving parts
Solid-state drives
1) Faster and more durable than hard disks
2) Access to slash memory or solid-state storage
Flash memory cards
Widely used in laptops, smartphones, GPS navigation systems
USB Drives (or Flash Drives)
1) Connect to the USB port
2) Capacity of 1 GB to 256 GB
3) Portable
Optical Disc
1) Hold over 128 gigabytes (GB) of data
2) Use reflected light to represent data
Use reflected light to represent data
1) Lands represent 1s and 0s on the disc
2) Pits are bumpy areas on the disc that, when light is reflected, determine the 1s and 0s
3) Use tracks and sectors to organize and store files but only use a single track unlike the hard drive
Cloud Storage
The Internet acts as a cloud of servers
The Internet acts as a cloud of servers:
1) Applications provided as a service rather than a product
2) Supplied by servers that provide cloud storage or online storage
Cloud Storage Services (Advantages)
1) Maintenance
2) Hardware upgrades
3) File sharing and collaboration
Cloud Storage Services (Disadvantage)
1) Access Speed
2) File security
Making IT work for you ~ Cloud Storage
Using a cloud storage service makes it easy to upload and share files with anyone
Mass Storage Devices
To meet the needs of organizations requiring large amounts of secondary storage requirements:
1) Enterprise storage system
2) Devices include
Enterprise storage system
Safe use of data across an organizational network
Devices include:
1) File servers
2) Networked attached storage (NAS)
3) RAID systems
4) Organizational cloud storage
Storage Area Network (SAN)
1) Architecture to link remote computer storage devices
2) User’s computer provides a file system, but SAN provides disk space
3) House data in remote locations and still allow efficient and secure access
Career in IT
Disaster recovery specialists are responsible for recovering systems and data after a disaster strokes
Next-Generation Storage
1) The photo and videos may be stored using heat, lasers, or even DNA
2) Both magnetic disk manufacturers and flash memory researchers are working on increasing storage without increasing physical size
