Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet and you Flashcards
The purpose of it was:
Help users become highly efficient and effective computer users
The internet:
Impact of technology on privacy and the environment and role of personal and organizational ethics
Part of an information system
People, Procedures, Software Hardware, Data, and The Internet
People
An essential part of any system
Ways this text helps you become a more efficient and effective computer users
1) Making IT work for you
2) Tips
3) Privacy
4) Environment
5) Ethics
6) Career in IT
Software/Programs
Tell the computer how to process data into the form you want
There are two significant kinds of software:
1) System Software
Software used by computers
2) Application Software
Software you use
System Software
1) Enables application software to interact with the computer hardware
2) Background software helps manage resources
3) Collection of system programs: Operating Systems, Utilities, and Device Drivers
System Software (Continued)
1) Operating System
• Coordinates computer resources
• Provides the user interface
• Runs applications
2) Embedded operating system
• Used by Smartphones and tablets
• Real-time operating systems (RTOS)
3) Standalone operating system
• Used by desktops
4) Networking operating systems
• Used to run networks
System Software Continued
1) Utilities
2) Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources
3) Antivirus Program
4) Protects from viruses
Can damage your software or hardware
Comprise the security and privacy of personal data
Application Software
End-user software
Types of application software
1. General-Purpose applications
• Widely used programs, Browsers, and Word Processor
2. Specialized applications
• More narrowly focused and Web Authoring
3. Apps
• Designed for mobile devices and Social media apps
Hardware – Types of Computers
Supercomputers
• 1) Most powerful computers
• 2) Mainframe computers
• 3) Process large amounts of data
• 4) Midrange computers
• 5) Servers
• 6) Personal computers
• 7) PCs
• 8) Five types of PCs
Personal Computer Types
1) Desktop
2) Laptop (notebook)
3) Tablet
4) Smartphone
5) Wearables
Personal Computer Hardware
Four basic categories of equipment:
1) System Unit
2) Input/Output
3) Secondary Storage
4) Communications
System Unit
1) Houses most of the electronic components
2) Two essential components
• Microprocessor
• Memory
1. Holds data currently being processed
2. Holds the processed information before it is output
3. Temporary storage, contents are lost when power is off
Input/Output Devices
1) Input
• Translate data into computer language
• Keyboard and Mouse
2) Output
• Translate computer data into usable information
• Display and Printer
Secondary Storage
1) Holds data and programs even if power is off
2) Hard disk
3) Solid-state storage
• No moving parts
• More reliable
• Requires less power
4) Optical disc
• Laser technology
• CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray
Communication
1) Communication devices
• Provide the ability for personal computers to communicate
2) Modems
• Modify audio, video, and other types of data for Internet usage
Data
1) Data
• Raw, unprocessed facts
• Processed data becomes information
• Digital data is stored electronically in files
Four common types of files:
– Document
– Worksheet
– Database
– Presentation
Files
The document, Worksheet, Database, and Presentation
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet
1) Connectivity
• Sharing of information
2) Network
• Communications system connecting two or more devices
• Central to the concept of connectivity
• Largest network is the Internet
• Web provides a multimedia interface for Internet resources
Forces of Technology
Three things driving the forces of technology:
1. Cloud computing
• Computers on the Internet and access to more resources
2. Wireless technology
• Changing the way we communicate like: Tablets, smartphones, and wearable devices
3. The Internet of Things (IoT)
• Continuing development of the Internet and allowing all types of devices to communicate
Webmaster
Develops and maintains websites and web resources
Software Engineer
Analyzes users’ needs and creates application software
Computer Support Specialist
Provides technical support to customers and other users
Technical Writer
Prepares instruction manuals, technical reports, and other scientific or technical documents
Network Administrator
Creates and maintains computer networks
Using and Understanding Information Technology
The Internet and the Web:
• Powerful Software and Hardware
• Security, Privacy, and Ethics
• Organizations, Changing Times
