Chapter 7 Quiz review Flashcards
Definitions: Meso-American city-state
Altepetl
Definitions: “one who conquers”
Conquistador
Definitions: a physical area with specific traits of climate, soil, altitude, and so on that determine its particular plants and animals
Ecological zone
Definition: the troops assigned to a military post
garrison
Definition: a deity or spirit taking a physical form
incarnation
Definition: the tendency, belief, or policy that a country should maintain a strong military force and be prepared to use it to advance national interests
militarism
Definition: dark natural glass formed by cooling of molten lava
obsidian
Definition: the passing of cultural knowledge, beliefs, and stories to the next generation through speaking rather than writing
oral tradition
Definition: a large raised area of mostly level land
Plateau
Definition: referring to the time in the Americas before Columbus arrived
Pre-Columbia
Definition: salty; consisting of salt
Saline
Definition: partially settled and partially moving around
Semi-nomadic
Definition: christian reconquest of Spain from the Muslims
Reconquista
Definition: a state run system of courts in SPain where non-christians were put on trial, expelled, and/or executed
Spanish Inquisition
How was Spain united?
Through the marriage of King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabella of Castile
Worldview: The Aztecs lived in an environment where they had to overcome many geographical features in order to live
Developed many ways in order to live in different environments.
How Geography affected the Aztecs: The Valley of Mexico was at the lower latitudes, resulting in a hot tropical climate year-round.
Wrong
How Geography affected the Aztecs: Mountains surrounding the Valley of Mexico gave the people some protection from invaders.
correct
How did Ferdinand and Isabella gain control of the Roman Catholic Church in Spain?
By placing their own individuals in important church positions.
The Roman Catholic Church gave up power to Ferdinand and Isabella in exchange for what?
For the monarchs to set up the Spanish Inquisition.
What was the result of Ferdinand and Isabella’s decision to send explorers to other lands?
Spain became a wealthy and powerful nation.
How did Ferdinand and Isabella reduce the power of the aristocracy?
By selecting men of humbler origins for the Cortes, and allowed nobles to participate in parliamentary proceedings, but not allow them to vote.
How did Isabella and Ferdinand gain support from the merchant class?
By making changes to financial Institutions that helped them with their business activities and promising them protection.
How did Ferdinand and Isabella prevent cities from becoming to powerful and independent?
By sending their own representative to govern cities and tax residents, and making them directly responsible to the monarchy. They also centralized the government’s power, and reformed important judicial and financial institutions.
