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Paediatrics > Chapter 7: Primary Teeth, Development Of The Primary Dentition And Its Features > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Primary Teeth, Development Of The Primary Dentition And Its Features Flashcards

1
Q

Prenatal dentition: initially the germs are?

A

Crowded by malposition

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2
Q

Prenatal dentition: 7th intrauterine month: volumetric crowding because ?

A

The dental development is faster than the bone

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3
Q

If we could take an occlusal xray (tooth germs): in the maxilla we would observe that?

A

The lateral incisors are lingual to the central incisors

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4
Q

If we could take an occlusal xray (tooth germs): in the mandible we would observe that?

A

Germs are in zig zag

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5
Q

Newborn dentition: gums

A
  • are fibrous, lobed, segmented, semi-circular, and above the germs
  • are slightly raised where the new teeth will be coming in
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6
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: are in contact in the ___ area but separated in the ____ area leaving a space that is occupied by the ____—> space for eruption of the ___

A

Posterior
Anterior
Tongue
Anterior temporary teeth

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7
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: the maxillary alveolar ridge is shaped like?

A

A horseshoe, U shaped

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8
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: at birth what kind of relationship do the alveolar ridges have? And how is it corrected?

A

Newborn physiological class II
Breastfeeding and sucking

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9
Q

Physiological micrognathia is caused by?

A

The mandible, because it’s slightly retruded in compression to the maxilla

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10
Q

What is one of the main reasons that breastfeeding is recommended?

A

To compensate for the class II in newborns

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11
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: where is the micrognathia present?

A

Both jaws

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12
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: mandible retrusion: __ cm discrepancy between both jaws

A

1cm

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13
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: the overcrowding of germs is in which areas?

A

Incisive and canine areas

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14
Q

Newborn dentition: alveolar ridges: which teeth usually have no crowding and often have diastemas ?

A

Molars

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15
Q

Teething in the 1st year: eruption of which teeth?

A

Incisors

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16
Q

Teething in the 1st year: when is there the fastest bone growth? And why?

A

First 6 months of life , to correct the alignment of the incisors

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17
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: sagittal ?

A

Distal growth

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18
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: vertical?

A

Increase of the palate height

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19
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: transversal?
- when does the mid palatal suture open?
- when does the mandibular synchondrosis close?

A
  • throughout the eruption of primary and permanent teeth
  • at 8 months of age (no more transversal growth)
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20
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: in what directions does the mandible grow?

A

Forward and downwards

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21
Q

Teething in the 1st year: bone growth: the class II is maintained but is decreased by?

A

Suction, thereby advancing the lower jaw

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22
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: eruption of which teeth?

A

Canines and molars

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23
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: bone growth in the sagittal plane is ___ to the molars?

A

Distal

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24
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: first ___ relation

A

Intercuspal vertical

The first palatal cusp of the 1st upper temporary molar fits in the distal fossa of the temporary lower first molar

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25
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: what happens after the eruption of the 2nd molars ?

A
  • correct interlocking
  • upper and lower canines along with the 1st temporary molars are the key to temporary occlusion
  • dental and neuromuscular relationships similar to the rest of the temporary dentition period
  • the great neuromuscular development favours the change in feeding
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26
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: which teeth are the key to temporary occlusion

A

upper and lower canines along with the 1st temporary molars

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27
Q

Teething in the 2nd year: what favors the change in feeding?

A

The great neuromuscular development

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28
Q

Primary dentition features include:

A
  • presence of diastemas
  • interlocking
  • tooth-arch relationship
  • relationship between incisors
  • relationship between canines
  • molar relationship
  • eruptive guide 1st permanent molar
  • TMJ
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29
Q

Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas:

A
  • interdental gaps
  • primate space
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30
Q

Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: where are interdental gaps more evident?

A

Between incisors

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31
Q

Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: where are the primate spaces in the upper arch vs lower arch?

A
  • upper: between lateral incisor and canine (mesial)
  • lower: between canine and 1st temporary molar (distal)
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32
Q

Primary dentition features: presence of diastemas: if there are no diastemas, what will we have in the permanent teeth?

A

Open bite and crowding

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33
Q

Primary dentition features: interlocking: maxilla: all teeth except ? Articulate with 2 lower teeth

A

2nd molars

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34
Q

Primary dentition features: interlocking: mandible: all teeth except ? Articulate with 2 upper teeth

A

Central incisors

35
Q

Primary dentition features: interlocking: the lower teeth have ____ ahead of the upper ones—> the lower 2nd molars are? Than the 2nd upper molars

A

Half a cusp, bigger

36
Q

Primary dentition features: tooth-arch relationship: temporary teeth are more ____ to the occlusal plane, ___ regarding the bony base?

A

Perpendicular , straight

37
Q

Primary dentition features: tooth-arch relationship: permanent teeth are usually?

A

More inclined

38
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overbite definition and normal value

A

The vertical relationship of the incisors
2-4mm, 1/3

39
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet definition

A

The horizontal relationship between incisors, distance from the palatal surface of the upper incisors to the buccal surface of the lower incisors

40
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet, physiologically class II, lower teeth are more retruded, causes—?

A

Bigger overjet

41
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: overjet and overbite tend to be?

A

0mm

42
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: Inter incisal angle definition

A

The angle formed by the intersection of the upper and lower tooth axes

43
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between incisors: the inter incisal angle value in primary dentition

A

150 degrees

44
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class I canine relationship is defined as

A

The upper canine occludes between the lower canine and the 1st primary molar, occupying the primary space

45
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class II canine relationship is defined as

A

The cusp of the upper canine is mesial to the distal slope of the mandibular canine

46
Q

Primary dentition features: relationship between canines: a class III canine relationship is defined as

A

The cusp of the upper canine is distal to the distal slope of the mandibular canine

47
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: terminal or post lacteal plane is

A

The relationship between the distal surface of the 2nd upper and lower primary molars

48
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: what is the erupting guide of the 1st permanent molars?

A

The terminal or post lacteal plane

49
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: what happens first, the shedding of the primary molars or the eruption of the 1st permanent molars?

A

Eruption of the 1st permanent molars

50
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: 3 types are?

A
  • straight/ flush terminal plane
  • mesial step
  • distal step
51
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane definition

A

The distal sides of the 2nd molars are at the same level

52
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane: the mesial surface of the 1st permanent molars will be?

A

In the same plane

53
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: which of the 3 types is the most common?

A

Straight/flush terminal plane

54
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: which of the 3 types is the worst one?

A

Distal step

55
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: straight/flush terminal plane, the permanent molars will erupt in classes?

A

I or II

56
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: mesial step definition

A

The 2nd upper molar occludes distally to the 2nd lower molar

57
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: mesial step: the permanent molars will erupt in classes?

A

I or III

58
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: long mesial step will result in a class?

A

III

59
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: short mesial step will result in a class?

A

I

60
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: distal step definition

A

The 2nd upper molar occludes mesially to the 2nd lower molar

61
Q

Primary dentition features: molar relationship: distal step: the permanent molars will erupt in a class?

A

II

62
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: determinants of permanent 1st molar eruption:

A
  • leeway space
  • terminalplane
  • growth pattern
63
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: terminal plane

A

Of primary 2nd molars, class I, II, or III

64
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space definition

A

An extra space is available in the arch when the deciduous molars are exfoliated and replaced by the smaller permanent premolars

65
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space in the maxilla is?

A

1.8mm, 0.9mm on each side

66
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: leeway space in the mandible?

A

3.4mm, 1.7mm on each side

67
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: what allows the terminal space to evolve into a class I?

A

The presence of leeway space

68
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: what allows the terminal space to evolve into a class II?

A

The lack of leeway space

69
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class I molar relationship is ?

A

The mesial buccal cusp of the upper 1st permanent molar occludes with the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar

70
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class II molar relationship is ? and is usually accompanied with?

A

The mesial buccal cusp of the upper 1st permanent molar occludes mesially to the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar

An overjet

71
Q

Primary dentition features: eruptive guide 1st permanent molars: growth pattern, a class III molar relationship is ? and is usually accompanied by?

A

The mesial buccal cusp of the 1st upper permanent molar occludes distally to the buccal groove of the lower 1st permanent molar

An underbite

72
Q

Primary dentition features: TMJ: how is the TMJ, spee curve, and Wilson curve in newborns

A

TMJ almost flat
Spee curve flat
No wilson curve

73
Q

Primary dentition features: TMJ: primary dentition

A

An articular shape is acquired, the glenoid cavity starts forming

74
Q

Primary dentition features: TMJ: mixed dentition: how is the spee curve and Wilson curve

A

They begin to form

75
Q

Primary dentition features: TMJ: permanent dentition: how is the spee and wilson curve

A

Formed

76
Q

Normal signs in primary dentition:

A
  • diastema in the anterior region
  • primate spaces
  • slight overjet and overbite
  • class I canine relationship
  • straight terminal plane or short mesial step
  • inter incisal angle of 150 degrees
77
Q

Timing and sequence of primary dentition:
- heritage effect on the eruption: ?%
- environment factors: ?%

A

-75
-25

78
Q

Speed and timing are influenced by?

A

Size, weight, and head circumference

79
Q

Are there difference between the 2 sexes and the right and left side?

A

NO

80
Q

Individual differences: up to ___ delay eruption is considered normal

A

1 year

81
Q

We need to preform an X-ray if there has been no eruption after ? Months of the considered normal time?

A

14

82
Q

Common eruptive sequence:
Incisors:
Canines:
Molars:

A
  • lower central incisors: 6 months
  • upper central incisors: 7 months
  • upper lateral incisors: 8 months
  • lower lateral incisors: 9 months
  • lower first molars: 12 months
  • upper first molars: 14 months
  • lower canines: 16 months
  • upper canines: 18 months
  • lower 2nd molars: 20 months
  • upper 2nd molars: 24-30 months
83
Q

All lower teeth erupt before their upper counterpart except which tooth?

A

Lateral incisor

84
Q

Which teeth erupt first, the 1st molars or the canines?

A

1st molars

Paediatrics (11 decks)

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