Chapter 7 - Personally Created Questions Flashcards
What are the two factors that effect physical weathering?
Temperature
Pressure
What are the two main factors that effect chemical weathering?
Temperature
Composition of rock // rock composition
Chemical weathering Is more rapid in climates with…
3 answers
Warm temperatures, abundant rainfall, lush vegetation.
What natural thing can cause pressure onto a rock // make the rock begin to physically break down?
The roots of trees, as they grow in the cracks and break through the rocks
What are the 4 main agents in chemical weathering?
Water
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Acid precipitation
EXTRA: potassium feldspar plus water equals what?
Kaolinite
Oxidation is known as, in other terms, as what?
The loss of electrons.
The iron in minerals reacts with what?
The oxygen in water/air
Carbon Dioxide, which forms naturally, forms what when mixed with water? In other words, CO2 and water create…?
Carbonic acid
Carbonic acid is formed using…?
Water and CO2
What causes acid precipitation?
Sulfur dioxide, which comes from burning fossil fuels and motor vehicle exaust.
Sulfur dioxide is made up of what?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides
True or false, chemical weathering is weakest along the equator?
False! Chemical weathering is most effective in the equator
What climates can speed up (and slow down) physical weathering?
Rapid: Cool climates (ice wedging)
Slow: areas above freezing temps/dry air
Do all rocks weather differently?
Yes, because all rocks are different rock types and have different compositions.
True or false: When you move soil in any way, you are causing erosion.
True! Erosion doesn’t have to be natural.
Erosion occurs with… (4 answers)
Moving water, Glaciers, wind, living things
Fertile soil (more specifically fertile) means what?
Able to sustain living things.
When rivers and streams slow down and deposit sediments, what can they create?
Deltas (or fertile deltas)
Can erosion occur on the ocean floor?
Yes! It’s because of the waves, and they can carve out cliffs, arches, etc, and the accumulated sand creates/ed the barrier islands
What percent of the earth to glaciers cover today?
10% of earth’s surface.
As a glacier moves, what does it act like AND what does the land behind it look like?
Bulldozer; left smooth
As the ice retreats, stuff is left behind
What is the largest glacier in North America?
Bearing glacier
What can be used to act as a wind barrier and reduce the speed of wind?
Trees, usually placed in a line. They hold the soil together and conserve moisture.
Yes or no: will islands replenish themselves without human interaction?
Yes
???Erosion by living things???
Plants/Animals, Humans
Soil is characterized by…? (3 Answers)
Texture
Fertility
Color
Weathered bedrock, or the rock of which soil originated, is known as?
The parent rock // parent material.
??What are the Steps in soil formation? (3)
The bedrock/parent rock breaks down, continues to break down, then nutrients are added by organisms, and the texture changes to hold H2O.
What are the names of the mail soil horizons; and what do they usually contain?
O: Top layer of organic material
A: Weathered rock mixed with organic material
B: Enriched with clay / other minerals
C: broken-down breadrock
