Chapter 7 - Nursing Values and Ethics Flashcards
What is the definition of a value?
A strong personal belief or idea that a person or group believes has merit that individuals strive to uphold.
What is value clarification?
The process of appraising personal values
By understanding your own personal values, you are able to provide empathetic care with sensitivity to others values.
What are Ethics?
The philosophical study of morality - a systemic exploration of what is right and wrong.
A reflection of what matters most to people or professions.
Which three guidelines are emphasized by the CNA’s Code of Ethics for Nurses?
Responsibility
–> distinguish right + wrong
–> reliability + dependability
–> performing actions adequately and thoughtfully
Accountability
–> Grounded in fidelity, respect for dignity, and the self determination of patients
Advocacy
–> Acting of behalf of another person and obtaining informed consent.
Which seven values are are noted in the CNA code of ethics?
–> Provide safe, compassionate, competent, ethical care
–> Promote health and wellbeing
–> Respecting and promoting informed decision making
–> Honouring dignity
–> Maintaining privacy and confidentiality
–> Promoting justice
–> Being accountable
What are descriptive moral thoeries?
Theories that explain what people do or think about moral issues
e.g., an analysis of how nurses make judgements
What are normative ethics?
Tells us how we ought to think about moral questions
e.g., the CNA Code of Ethics
What is deontological theory? Who developed it?
Actions are defined as right or wrong according to principles
–> Developed by Immanuel Kant, 1724-1804
What is Utilitarian theory? Who developed it?
Utilitarianism, also called consequentialism, is about creating the most good for the most people. As such, the ends justify the means.
–> Developed by John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
What is deontological theory criticized for?
Being exceptionless and rigid
What is utilitarian theory criticized for?
Having little recognition for autonomy and sacrificing the rights of individuals in favor of overall good.
What are the four principles of bioethics?
Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Justice
What is the focus of feminist ethics?
Focuses on the inequalities between people. Emphasizing difference, power dynamics, and relatedness.
Analyzes empathetic vs rational, rule-based reasoning.
What are relational ethics?
A response tot he limits of philosophical theories of justice for health care practice.
Emphasis on importance of relationships and the personal narrative.
What documents can guide nurses through ethical dilemmas?
The CNOs code of conduct practice standards
The CNA’s code of ethics
The ICN’s code of ethics
