Chapter 1 - Health & Wellness Flashcards
What are the four pillars of Primary Health Care?
- Teams
- Information
- Healthy Living
- Access
Who coined the idea that health is both actualization and stability?
Labonte (1993)
Who originally described health as a resource?
The Ottawa Charter (1986)
Which approach to health dominated western thinking for most of the 20th century?
The medical approach - Emphasis on medical intervention alone.
Which approach to health care was developed after the medical approach appeared to be inadequate? Who coined it?
The behavioural approach to health, coined by Mark Lalonde’s “A New Perspective on the Health of Canadians” (1974).
This approach identifies lifestyle behavior that might affect heath as well as incorporated social psychology to understand unhealthy behaviours.
Which approach to healthcare was developed in the mid 80s?
The socioenvironmental approach showed that lifestyle changes could only be incorporated by well educated, higher income Canadians.
This indicates that lifestyle was not always in the individual’s control and there are more factors involved.
Emphasis on social context on health.
Peace, resources, social justice, equity, empowerment, healthy policy, supportive environments, community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services are all examples of what?
The prerequisites to health identified in the Ottawa Charter (1986).
Which year did the Epp report come out? Which approach did it reflect?
The Epp report was released in 1986 and serves as inspiration for the Ottawa Charter of the same year. It reflects a socioenvironmental approach.
Reducing inequities, increasing prevention, and enhancing coping mechanisms emphasized in which reading?
The Epp report of 1986 identifies these are the three major health challenges.
Which reading emphasized that health care providers should be involved in community services, policy, and advocacy?
Labonte’s Socioenvironmental Approach to Health (1993)
Which reading used epidemiological data to determine the etiology of health and disease?
Strategies for Population Health (1994)
These later became recognized as the social determinants of health.
Which reading affirmed the Ottawa charter and added the empowerment of women, social security, respect for human rights, and social relations as necessary prerequisites to health?
Jakarta Declaration (1997)
What did the Jakarta declaration (1993) identify as the greatest threat to human health?
Poverty.
Which reading affirmed health as a human right and emphasized spiritual and mental well being as well as strong political action and sustained advocacy?
Bangkok Charter (2005)
Which reading identified the following as critical factors influencing health?
–> Increased inequities between countries
–> Global Environmental Changes
–> Urbanization
Bangkok Charter (2005)
