Chapter 7 Microbial Growth

Question 1

Macronutrient

Answer 1

organism needs large quantities.

Question 2

Micronutrients

Answer 2

organism needs small quantities

Question 3

heterotroph

Answer 3

needs carbon in organic forms, nutritionally dependent on other living things

Question 4

autotroph

Answer 4

self feeder, useorganic CO2, chlorophyll

Question 5

chemotroph

Answer 5

uses inorganic molecules.

Question 6

phototroph

Answer 6

uses light as energy

Question 7

lithotroph

Answer 7

uses inorganic moles like H2S

Question 8

saprobes

Answer 8

m.o. that decompose animal and plant matter. make pieces into smaller pieces.

Question 9

parasites

Answer 9

get nutrients from cells/tissues of hosts

Question 10

ectoparasites

endoparasites

Answer 10

live on the body

live in organs and tissues

Question 11

endocytosis

Answer 11

particles are engulfed

Question 12

phagocytosis

Answer 12

carried out by wbc’s to engulf cells or particles

Question 13

pinocytosis

Answer 13

liquids enter the cell

Question 14

exocytosis

Answer 14

package and release of substance from cell

Question 15

minimum temp

maxium temp

Answer 15

lowest temp permitting continual growth of m.o.

highest temp where growth continues

Question 16

optimum growth temperature

Answer 16

a small range between max and min temps where rate of growth is highest

Question 17

psychrophile

Answer 17

cold loving, optimum below 15 deg C, capable of growth below freezing 0 deg C

Question 18

mesophile

Answer 18

grows optimally at intermediate temps, between 20 C and 40 C

Question 19

thermophile

Answer 19

heat loving, grows optimally between 45 C and 80 C

Question 20

anaerobe

Answer 20

lacks systems for using oxygen in respiration

Question 21

halophiles

Answer 21

prefer high concentrations of salt

Question 22

symbiosis

Answer 22

two organisms living in a partnership

Question 23

commensalism

Answer 23

one receives benefits, the other is neither helped or hurt

Question 24

satellitism

Answer 24

one member provides nutritional or protective factors needed for another

Question 25

synergism

Answer 25

two or more organisms in a beneficial relationship unnecessary for survival

Question 26

antagonism

Answer 26

organisms fighting for space or nutrients, resulting in the destruction of one m.o.

Question 27

hypertonic
isotonic
hypotonic

Answer 27

shrunken
isotonic
swollen