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Microbiology > Chapter 15 Immunity > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Immunity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Antigen

A

any molecule that stimulates an immune response

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2
Q

Innate/Nonspecific Response

A

Born with this system, consists of physical barriers, WBC, inflammatory response (histamine), chemicals

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3
Q

Inferferons

A

released by infected cells to warn other body cells and activate WBC in the area

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4
Q

Specific/Acquired Immunity

A

Takes over if Innate/Nonspecific response doesn’t fix it

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5
Q

Antigen Presenting Cells

APC

A

Macrophages
Dendric cells
B lymphocytes

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6
Q

3 Major histocompatibility complexes

A

MHC 1 - self antigen, RBC
MHC 2 - all APC
MHC 3 - genes that code for complement that aids immune response

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7
Q

Function of Macrophage

A

Carries antigen to T Helper lymphocyte in a lymph node

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8
Q

T Helper Cells

A

Activate other lymphocytes

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9
Q

T Suppressor Cells

A

manage the immune response

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10
Q

B Cells

A

make antibodies that float and plasma and attach to antigens there

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11
Q

Memory cells

A

Transport antigen information to other lymph nodes in case pathogen comes back, it will be recognized

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12
Q

Opsonization

A

allows macrophages to phagocytose the antigen

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13
Q

Neutralization

A

surround viruses and exotoxins

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14
Q

Agglutination

A

take cells out of circulation

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15
Q

Precipitation

A

take smaller molecules out of circulation

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16
Q

5 Classes of antibodies/immunoglobulins

A

IgM - first, forms pentamer
IgG - second, in response to an infection, monomer, crosses placenta
IgA - mucus membranes
IgE - binds to mast cells, allergies and parasites
IgD - binds to B Cells

17
Q

Antibody titer

A

a test that serially dilutes plasma to determine the highest dilution a sample reacts to a reagent.

18
Q

Natural Active Immunity

Natural Passive Immunity

A

Get an illness

Mother’s milk

19
Q

Artificial Active Immunity

Artificial Passive Immunity

A

vaccination

get another’s serum and antibodies

20
Q

Antitoxin serum

A

artificial passive, antibodies that neutralize toxins, exotoxins

21
Q

Attenuated vaccines

A

Live cells/viruses, better immune response, may mutate back into virulent form

22
Q

Inactivated vaccines

A

Dead cells/viruses, safer, may need many booster

23
Q

Herd Immunity

A

Collective immunity through mass vaccination offers indirect protection for immunocomp. individuals

Microbiology (8 decks)

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