Chapter 12 Antimicrobial drugs

Question 1

First 3 reasons antibiotic resistance is increasing

Answer 1

Widespread overuse of antibiotics as prophylactics
Excessive use of disinfection in non-health fac
Increase of immunocomp. using antibiotics

Question 2

Second 3 reasons antibiotic resistance is increasing

Answer 2

Use in livestock and fisheries, added to feed
Increase of international travel
Poverty and costs of medication causing inadequate therapy duration

Question 3

What are some methods of preventing drug resistance

Answer 3

Limit drug use
Proper drug use
Narrow range antibiotics
Multiple drug treatment

Question 4

What are the best practice steps for selecting an antibiotic?

Answer 4

1 Identify if gram - or gram +
2 Isolate the m.o. by growing on agar plate or in broth
3 Use Kirby Baur test, Antibiotic discs, to select an antibiotic most likely to kill it

Question 5

What are some reasons best practice methods may not be used?

Answer 5

Illness requires immediate treatment, can’t wait 3-5 days, a broader spectrum antibiotic may be used

Question 6

In vitro is not in vivo

Answer 6

The organism and antibiotic’s activity on an agar plate may not represent the activity observed in the body

Question 7

Considerations to have when selecting the best drug to take

Answer 7

Patients liver function
immune function
Allergies or side effects with other drugs
Cost
Times xday drug must be taken, ease of use
Area of infection