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HSS2105: understanding mental health > Chapter 7: Mental Health and Illness among Children and Youth > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Mental Health and Illness among Children and Youth Flashcards

1
Q

Children require safe and stable physical and social environments to develop good and lasting mental health. true or false

A

ttrue

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2
Q

Are there critical periods of development in early life for children?

A

yes

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3
Q

what plays a big role on a child’s neural plasticity?

A
  • nutrition
  • maternal health
  • free of environmental toxins
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4
Q

How does education effect children’s mental health?

A
  • promotes cognitive and emotional development
  • provides “school connectedness” –> socialization is important
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5
Q

does school connectedness protect against mental health problems in children?

A

YES

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6
Q

What are the 7 different types of intelligence according to Gardner?

A
  1. logical-mathematical
  2. linguisitic
  3. musical
  4. spatial
  5. bodily-kinesthetic
  6. interpersonal
  7. intrapersonal
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7
Q

What are the 5 stages of development we will be looking at for mental health?

A
  1. prenatal
  2. infancy
  3. childhood
  4. adolescence
  5. transition to adulthood
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8
Q

What was the tragic “natural experiment” in the 20th century?

A

children born during the famine in Netherlands were more likely to develop mental illnesses, schizophrenia, mood disorders, anti-social personality disorder

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9
Q

What is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder?

A
  • seen in the prenatal development period
  • damage to brain development
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10
Q

What is required for good healthy fetal development in prenatal development?

A
  1. proper nutrition
  2. good maternal health
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11
Q

What is biological embedding?

A

social factors that we are exposed to beginning in utero manage to “enter” our bodies and influence the development of our brains and CNS

ex: HPA axis –> increase in maternal stress will increase HPA function which will increase rxn to stress which in turn will effect the fetus HPA axis

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12
Q

In infancy, when basic needs are met (feeding, changing, touching), are we soothed?

A

YES

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13
Q

Infants who are ignored when basic needs are needed to be met?

A

will effect emotional bond development and trust later on in life

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14
Q

What are the 3 stages of emotional reactions when infants are separated from parent?

A
  1. protest (cry)
  2. despair (sad/passive)
  3. detachement (avoid parents)
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15
Q

What is the attachment theory by Bowlby in infancy?

A

newborns are biologically programmed to seek closeness with caregivers

behaviours can change over the course of your life though!

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16
Q

What is the “Nurse-Family Partnership” program?

A

assists with young, first-time mothers

mentor, provide resources

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17
Q

What are the 3 stages of the Erik Erikson’s stages of identity personality?

A
  1. autonomy vs shame and doubt –> 18 months -3 years –> learn how to be autonomous
  2. initiative vs guilt –> 3-6years –> becomes more assertive
  3. industry vs inferiority –> 6-12 years –> demands to learn new skills or risk sense of failure
18
Q

Can abuse and neglect in childhood greatly effect mental health in later years?

A

yes

19
Q

what 2 things is abuse linked to possibly cause in adulthood?

A
  1. psychosis
  2. major depressive disorder
20
Q

What has bullying known to increase the risk of in childhood?

A
  • depression
  • self-harm
  • suicide
21
Q

What is bullying?

A
  • repeated negative acts
  • common in school settings or between siblings at home
22
Q

In adolesence what group of individuals plays a huge role in development?

A

peer groups

23
Q

in adolescence, what stage are they likely to go through?

A

rebellion stage

24
Q

In adolescence, there is a lot of emotional turbulence and trying to form a sense of identity at 12-18 years old. true or false

A

true

25
Q

Is it true that young adults in canada doing “key life transtitions” later and later? what are they calling it?

A

YES
“failure to launch”

26
Q

do many young adults move quickly into full time jobs and marriage though too with less formal education?

A

yes

27
Q

spending more time in university has no societal benefits. true or false

A

false - it does

28
Q

What is known as “character”?

A

individual’s set of psychological characteristics that affect the person’s ability and inclination to function morally

29
Q

What are the 5 core virtues that are valued across cultures?

A
  1. wisdom and knowledge
  2. courage
  3. humanity and love
  4. temperance
  5. transcendence
30
Q

What is the most prevalent mental disorder among children and youth?

A

depression

31
Q

when do majority of mental disorders begin?

A

childhood or adolescence

32
Q

What are the 8 mental disorders most seen in in children and youth?

A
  1. externalizing disorders
  2. internalizing disorders
  3. hyperkinetic
  4. separation anxiety
  5. elective mutism
  6. tic disroders
  7. non-organic enuresis
  8. autism spectrum disorder
33
Q

What are externalizing disorders?

A

distress turn outwards and directed towards others in a disruptive manor (ex: conduct disorder)

34
Q

What are internalizing disorders?

A

distress turned inward (ex: anxiety, depression)

35
Q

What is a hyperkinetic disorder?

A

Attention deficit disorder (mix of inattentiveness and hyperactive)

36
Q

What is elective mutism?

A

do not talk
root cause could be anxiety based

37
Q

What are tic disrorders?

A

involuntary, rapid, non-rhythmic movements or sounds (blinking, jerking, throat clearing, snffing)

can be simple or complex

38
Q

What is non-organic enuresis?

A

bedwetting and bowl movements

Involuntary urine release that cannot be attributed to an anatomic or physiologic etiology

39
Q

What is Autism spectrum disorder?

A

-cause is unknown
- on a spectrum
- neurodevelopmental disorder
- no medication byt behavioural intervention is available
- psychological skill

40
Q

what is “roots of empathy”?

A
  • evidence-based classroom program
  • helps reduce levels of aggression among schoolchildren by raising social/emotional competence
  • increases empathy
  • teaches them “emotional literacy” –> lays the foundation for safer and more caring classrooms where children are the “changers”
  • brings infants into the classroom to help participants learn to understand their own and others’ emotions
  • the baby is the “teacher”

HSS2105: understanding mental health (12 decks)

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