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HSS2105: understanding mental health > Chapter 10: Mental Health and Illness in Older Adults > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Mental Health and Illness in Older Adults Flashcards

1
Q

What is the World Average life overall life expectancy?

A

66.57

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2
Q

What is the Canadian overall life expectancy?

A

81.33

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2
Q

As you get older, what does acquired knowledge and years of experience allow them to develop?

A

WISDOM!

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3
Q

What are 3 important things that grandparents play in families?

A
  1. provide children with non-judgemental love and acceptance
  2. give children feelings of safety, security, and self-esteem
  3. provide support to parents
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4
Q

According the the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, what does 3/4 of the older population describe their health as depsite having a significant disability?

A

very good or pretty good

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5
Q

Why could older adults report having very good or pretty good health despite having a disability?

A

older people have tendency to minimize complaints about poor health

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6
Q

close to half of adults 65+ report some degree of disability and many do not access resources to support these disabilities (ex: hearing aids, walkers, wheelchairs, etc…). true or false

A

true

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7
Q

What are 2 things older people are usually described as?

A
  1. fit
  2. frail
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8
Q

What is the difference between fit and frail?

A

fit = overall good health
frail = significant physical or mental health problems

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9
Q

What do many older adults live with and what can it lead to?

A
  • chronic pain

lead to…
- unhappiness
- irritability
- anxiety
- depression
- altering life experiences

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10
Q

As we age, its inevitable that people lose friends, family members, and colleagues to illness and death. What does this result in?

A
  • large adjustment period
  • feelings of loss and grief
  • lead to feelings of lonliness and isolation
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11
Q

Do all older people have adult children or other family members to care for them? If not, what can occur?

A

NO

  • risk of becoming isolated or disconnected –> LACK SOCIAL SAFETY SUPPORT NET
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12
Q

What group of older adults have few resources?

A

marginalized older adults

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13
Q

What is ageism?

A

prejudice and discrimination on the basis of people’s age

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14
Q

Are we “youth-obsessed” societies?

A

YES

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15
Q

What is elder abuse?

A

-when older people are pressured, bullied, misled, swindled, or neglected

  • physical, emotional, financial or other maltreatment
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16
Q

Suicide rates decrease among older adults. true or false

A

false –> INCREASE

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17
Q

What developmental stage of Erikson is older adults in?

A

Ego integrity vs Despair

  • inevitability of mortality must be faced
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18
Q

Depression is more common in older adults who feel regretful about their lives. true or false

A

true

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19
Q

Is facing death easier for those who have come to terms with their lives?

A

YES

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20
Q

What two settings are for older adults to die comfortability in their surroundings?

A
  1. palliative care units
  2. hospices
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21
Q

What are the 5 stages of the “kubler-Ross” surrounding impeding death?

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. depression
  5. acceptance
22
Q

Do the steps of Kubler-Ross have to go in order?

A

NO

23
Q

older people exhibit problems with cognitive functions widely. true or false

A

true

24
Q

What do older people experience cognitively?

A
  • structural changes in the brain
  • memory loss
25
Q

What 2 things can impair brain function or memory loss?

A
  1. hypertension
  2. excessive use of alcohol
26
Q

Mild memory loss symptoms due to stress, fatigue, and depression are associated with dementia. true or false

A

FALSE - not associated with dementia

27
Q

What is dementia related to?

A
  • infection
  • endocrine issues
  • pathology
28
Q

What is dementia?

A

general and irreversible loss of mental capabilities that effects everyday functioning

29
Q

As you age, risk of developing dementia increases. true or false

A

true

30
Q

What are the 2 top causes of dementia?

A
  1. alzheimer’s disease
  2. vascular dementia
31
Q

What is present in alzheimers disease?

A
  • beta amyloid plaques
  • tau-protein tangles
  • brain atrophy (decrease surface area of brain)
32
Q

What is present in vascular dementia?

A

blood vessel damage that causes low oxygen supply to brain

  • due to stroke, hypertension, and other problems
33
Q

What are 4 things that can cause vascular dementia?

A
  • infections
  • brain injury
  • excessive use of alcohol or other substances
  • nutritional deficiencies
34
Q

When do symptoms occur for dementia?

A
  • appear GRADUALLY
35
Q

The later the stage of dementia, the more severe memory loss can become. true or false

A

true

36
Q

How many years on average will it take for the progression of dementia?

A

10 years

37
Q

What is the early stage of dementia like?

A
  • apathy
  • unable to adapt to change
  • memory problems or confusion
  • personality change
  • 1-2 years
38
Q

What is the moderate stage of dementia like?

A
  • memory probs more significant
  • may become lost
  • 2-5 years
39
Q

What is the severe stage of dementia like?

A

memory loss severe
could become aggressive or combative

40
Q

structured assessments are important when a patient has dementia. true or false

A

true

41
Q

What can promote mental health patterns in the later years?

A
  • healthy practices and patterns of behaviour
    ex: nutrition, moderate alcohol use, physical exercise patterns, and social skills
42
Q

What are some examples of health promotion and illness prevention strategies for older adults?

A
  • programs to keep them physically and mentally active
  • helping with coping for chronic health conditions
43
Q

Where does much of the care of older adults fall to?

A
  • spouse
  • adult children
  • friends
  • other family members
44
Q

Is burden on caregiver a real thing?

A

yes

45
Q

Those without family members or friends to help can easily “fall through the cracks”. true or false

A

true

46
Q

What are 3 institutions that are provided for older adults that may need extra personal support and medical attention 24/7 while they manage their health concerns?

A
  1. long term care facilities
  2. nursing homes
  3. homes for the aged
47
Q

Are people with dementia able to recognize their own cognitive difficulties?

A

NO –> can lead to conflict with caregivers

48
Q

What can slow the early stages of dementia?

A

inhibitory medication

49
Q

What are 3 things that are important for symptom management for dementia?

A
  1. quality interpersonal support
  2. quality environmental support
  3. human contact that is warm and caring
50
Q

What are 4 things that can help with managing memory difficulties?

A
  1. diminish stress and distraction
  2. provide orienting information and avoid challenging questions
  3. instill a regular routine
  4. use memory aids
51
Q

You may require multi-modal intervention for dealing with depression and grief in older adults. What could that include?

A
  • counselling
  • psychotherapy
  • use of meds
  • other physical treatments
52
Q

What is known as a “last resort” for treating severe depression?

A

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

HSS2105: understanding mental health (12 decks)

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