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Botany 1 > Chapter 7: Leaves > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Leaves Flashcards

1
Q

a flattened, usually photosynthetic structure arranged in various ways on a stem

A

leaf

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2
Q

an organ or structure at its earliest stage of development
-Origin of leaves

A

primordial

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3
Q

the stalk of a leaf

A

petiole

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4
Q

the conspicuous flattened part of a leaf or seaweed

A

blade

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5
Q

without petiole or pedicel; attached directly by the base

A

sessile

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6
Q

when a plant is shedding its leaves annually

A

deciduous

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7
Q

a leaf with the blade undivided into leaflets

A

simple leaf

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8
Q

a leaf whose blade is divided into distinct leaflets

A

compound leaf

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9
Q

having leaflets or veins on both sides of a common axis to which they are attached

A

pinnately compound

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10
Q

the axis of pinnately compound leaf or frond extending between the lowermost leaflets or pinnae and the terminal leaflet or pinna (corresponds with the midrib of a simple leaf)

A

rachis

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11
Q

heaving leaflets or principal veins radiating out from a common point

A

palmately compound

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12
Q

a minute pore or opening in the epidermis of leaves, herbaceous stems, and the sporophytes of hornworts; it is flanked by two guard cells that regulate its opening and closing and thus regulate gas exchange and transpiration

A

stoma (pl. stomata)

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13
Q

What are some functions of leaves?

A

respiration, transpiration, and photosynthesis

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14
Q

loss of water in vapor form; most takes place through the stomata

A

transpiration

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15
Q

the exudation from leaves of water in liquid form due to root pressure

A

guttation

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16
Q

region of a stem where one or more leaves are attached

A

node

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17
Q

a stem region between nodes

A

internode

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18
Q

placed at different heights or distance from one another, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

A

alternate

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19
Q

placed at same heights or distance from one another, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

A

opposite

20
Q

having three or more leaves or other structures at a node, as leaves can be arranged on a stem

A

whorled

21
Q

of vein arrangements, having leaflets or veins on both sides of a common axis to which they are attached

A

pinnately veined

22
Q

primary region of vascular tissue, usually spanning the center of a leaf

A

midvein

23
Q

the central (main) vein of a pinnately veined leaf or leaflet

A

midrib

24
Q

of vein arrangements, having leaflets or principal veins radiating out from a common point

A

palmately veined

25
Q

a small body of variable shape and size that may secrete certain substances but that also may be functionless
-Occur in the form of depressions, protuberances, or appendages either directly on the leaf surface or on the ends of hairs

A

gland

26
Q

one of a pair of specialized cells surrounding a stoma
-Regulate gas exchange between the interior of the leaf and the atmosphere, and regulate evaporation of the water entering the plant at the roots

A

guard cell

27
Q

parenchyma tissue between the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf

A

mesophyll

28
Q

consists of compactly stacked, barrel-shaped, or post-shaped parenchyma cells that are commonly in two rows; may contain more than 80% of the leaf’s chloroplasts

A

palisade mesophyll

29
Q

consists of loosely arranged parenchyma cells with abundant air spaces between them; also has numerous chloroplasts

A

spongy mesophyll

30
Q

a term applied to any of the vascular bundles that form a branching network within leaves

A

vein

31
Q

the parenchyma and/or sclerenchyma cells surrounding a vascular bundle

A

bundle sheath

32
Q

a layer of cells immediately beneath the epidermis and distinct from the parenchyma cells of the cortex in certain plants

A

hypodermis

33
Q

a slender structure that coils on contact with a support of suitable diameter; it usually is modified leaf or leaflet and aids the plant in climbing

A

tendril

34
Q

a relatively strong, sharp-pointed, woody structure usually located on a stem; it is usually a modified leaf or stipule

A

spine

35
Q

a pointed specialized stem

A

thorn

36
Q

a pointed outgrowth from an epidermis or cortex beneath the epidermis

A

prickle

37
Q

a structure that is usually leaflike and modified in size, shape, or color

A

bract

38
Q

the separation of leaves, flowers, and fruits from plants after the formation of an abscission zone at the base of their petioles, peduncles, and pedicels

A

abscission

39
Q

What do humans use leaves for?

A

shade, food, spices and flavorings, dyes, fuel, oil, drugs, beverages, insecticides, and waxes

40
Q

What leaf margin is this an example of?
plant: pothos

A

entire leaf margin

41
Q

What leaf margin is this an example of?
plant: mulberry

A

serrate leaf margin

42
Q

What leaf margin is this an example of?

A

doubly serrate leaf margin

43
Q

What leaf margin is this an example of?

A

pinnately lobed leaf margin

44
Q

What leaf margin is this an example of?

A

palmately lobed leaf margin

45
Q

What type of cotyledon is this leaf?

A

dicot leaf

46
Q

What type of cotyledon is this leaf?

A

monocot leaf

Botany 1 (7 decks)

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