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Biology Of Cancer > Chapter 7: Infectious Agents In Human Cancer > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Infectious Agents In Human Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Abl Viral Oncogene

A

Abelson Leukemia of mice

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2
Q

Erb Viral Oncogene

A

Erythroblastosis of chickens

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3
Q

Myc Viral Oncogene

A

Myelocytomatosis virus of chickens

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4
Q

C-Ras Viral Oncogene

A

Cytoplasmic rat sarcoma virus

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5
Q

H-Ras viral oncogene

A

Harvey’s rat sarcoma

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6
Q

K-Ras viral oncogene

A

Kirstein Rat Sarcoma

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7
Q

N-Ras Viral Oncogene

A

Neuroblastoma Rat Sarcoma virus

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8
Q

Rous Sarcoma Virus

A

Can be used to infect tissue culture cells

Causative agent in cancer

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9
Q

Mutant form of Rous

A

Never transforms cells

Lacks V-src

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10
Q

Retroviruses

A

Have single stranded RNA genome that is reverse transcribed into single stranded DNA, then into double stranded DNA

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11
Q

V-Onc

A

Enable retroviruses to acutely transform cells in vitro and in vivo

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12
Q

C-Onc

A

Essential for growth and development

If enough are mutated or amplified, cell has uncontrollable growth

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13
Q

What enzyme does V-src code for?

A

Oncogene (constitutively active)

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14
Q

What enzyme does C-Src code for?

A

Proto-Oncogene (growth factor signaling)

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15
Q

Src tyrosine kinases

A

Transmit integrin-dependent signals central to cell movement and proliferation

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16
Q

Hallmarks of V-Src

A

Induced transformations are rounding of cell

Formation of podosomes

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17
Q

RSV genes

A

Gag
Pol
Env
Src

18
Q

Gag gene

A

Encodes capsid proteins

19
Q

Pol gene

A

Encodes reverse transcriptase

20
Q

Env gene

A

Encodes envelope proteins

Virulence factor

21
Q

Src gene

A

Encodes tyrosine kinase

Uncontrollable growth as src protein is mutated and lacks inhibitory phosphorylation site

22
Q

Lentiviruses

A

Retroviruses with long incubation periods

Infect only non-dividing cells

23
Q

LTR

A

Long terminal repeat

Acts as super promoter

24
Q

Shope Papilloma Virus

A

Caused by DNA virus

Used as model for HPV vaccine

25
Q

Bittner MMTV

A 
Milk transmitted retrovirus 
Doesn't carry an oncogene
Contains LTR
Doesn't metastasize in mice
Leukemia in mice
26
Q

HMTV

A

Leukemia is associated with human breast cancers

Immunosuppressive envelope gene may play a role

27
Q

MCV or MCPyV

Human Merkel Cell Polyomavirus

A

Causes rare aggressive skin cancer

Knock down of mutated viral T antigen causes cells to die

28
Q

Oncogenic Viruses

A

Latent until animal is under chronic stress

29
Q

HTLV-1

Human T cell Leukemia Virus

A

T cell regulatory genes in virus and chronic cytokine stimulation

30
Q

EBV

Epstein Barr Virus

A

Transforms human lymphocytes in vitro
EBV protein can knock out activity of cellular metastasis suppressor gene called Nm23-H1
(Herpes)

31
Q

EBV is linked to

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Hodgkin’s Disease
Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Breast and Stomach Cancer

32
Q

What types of HPV cause cervical cancer?

A

16,18,31,45

33
Q

What type of drugs increase risk for cervical cancer?

A

Immunosuppressive drugs

34
Q

HPV

A

No oncogenes

Oncoproteins from DNA viruses interfere with growth regulatory proteins

35
Q

Hep B

A

Readily spread through sex

36
Q

Hep-C

A

Blood transfusions, dirty needles, etc.

37
Q

SV-40

Simian Virus

A

Individuals with brain, bone, lymphoma, and mesothelioma cancers have SV-40 in their tumor cells

38
Q

Barry Marshall

A

Proved H Pylori cause stomach cancer by ingesting a beaker full of the bacterium

39
Q

How do infections cause cancers?

A

Interfere with immune function
Tissue destruction and inflammation
Directly stimulate cell proliferation
Oncogenes and altered Proto-oncogenes

40
Q

Src Viral Oncogene

A

Rous sarcoma of squawking chickens

Biology Of Cancer (9 decks)

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