Chapter 7: Human nutrition

Question 1

Why fat can be bad?

Answer 1

Increase risk of producing cholesterol, which leads to narrowing of arteries, reduced blood flow, diabetes/CHD

Question 2

Types of digestion

Answer 2

Mechanical

• breaks down large pieces to smaller pieces
• doesn’t change molecule
• starts in mouth

Chemical

• breaks down small to smaller pieces
• uses enzymes
• acts in mouth (saliva and amylase), stomach (juice) and intestine

Question 3

Where enzymes act

Answer 3

Amylase: salivary gland/pancreas
Maltase: small intestine wall
Pepsin (protein): Stomach
Trypsin (protein): Pancreas
Lipase: Pancreas

Question 4

Gestion

Answer 4

Ingestion: taking of food and drink into body
Digestion: Breakdown of food
Absorption: Movement of nutrients from alimentary canal to blood
Egestion: Removal of undigested food as feces
CB Pg 133

Answer 5

Duodenum: First part of small intestine, into which pancreatic duct and bile duct empty fluids
Trachea: Tube through which air travels to lungs
Oesophagus: Tube from mouth to stomach
Colon: first part of large intestine
Bile: alkaline fluid produced by liver to help fat digestion
gall bladder: organ that stores bile before bile is released to duodenum