Chapter 7 exam 3

Question 1

Objective of ________ is to create a process to produce offerings that meet customer requirements within cost and other managerial constraints.

Answer 1

Process strategy

Question 2

Process strategies focus on how to produce a product or provide a service that

Answer 2

Meets or exceeds customer requirements

Question 3

Process strategies has a long term effect on: acronym EPFCQ

Answer 3

Efficiency, product flexibility, costs and quality.

Question 4

Four basic process strategies:

1. Process focus
2. Repetitive focus
3. _____ focus
4. ____________

Answer 4

Product, mass customization

Question 5

Facilities are organized around specific activities or processes; General purpose equipment and skilled personnel; high degree of product flexibility; typically high costs and low equipment utilization; product flows may vary considerably making planning and scheduling a challenge.

Answer 5

Process focus

Question 6

Low volume, high variety, intermittent processes. Examples include hospitals

Answer 6

Process focus

Question 7

Facilities often organized as assembly lines; characterized by modules with parts and assemblies made previously; modules may be combined for many output options; less flexibility than process-focused facilities but more efficient.

Answer 7

Repetitive focus

Question 8

Used for virtually all automobile and household appliances, also can be used for fast food restaurants.

Answer 8

Repetitive focus.

Question 9

Parts or components of a product previously prepared, often in a continuous process.

Answer 9

Modules.

Question 10

Facilities are organized by product; high volume but low variety of products; long, continuous production runs enable efficient processes; typically high fixed costs but low variable cost; generally less skilled labor

Answer 10

Product focus

Question 11

The rapid, low cost production of goods and services to satisfy increasingly unique customer desires; combined the flexibility of a process focus with the efficiency of a product focus.

Answer 11

Mass customization

Question 12

High volume, high variety process.

Answer 12

Mass customization

Question 13

Characteristics of this process:
Imaginative product design
Flexible process design
Tightly controlled inventory management 
Tight schedules
Responsive partners in supply chain

Answer 13

Mass customization

Question 14

Focus brings efficiency; focus on depth of product line rather than breadth; focus can be customers, products, service and technology.

Answer 14

Focused processes

Question 15

Important factors to ______ ________; cost, cash flow, market stability, quality, capacity, flexibility.

Answer 15

Selection of equipment

Question 16

Ability to respond with little penalty in time, cost of customer value; may be a competitive advantage; may be difficult and expensive; without it, change may mean starting over.

Answer 16

Flexibility

Question 17

Shows the movement of materials; examples included from Harley Davidson

Answer 17

Flowchart

Question 18

Shows flows and time frame

Answer 18

Time function mapping

Question 19

Where value is added in the entire production pieces, including the supply chain; extends from the customers back to the suppliers.

Answer 19

Value-stream mapping

Question 20

Steps of value stream mapping:

1. Begin with symbols for customer, supplier and production to ensure big picture
2. Entire customer ____ requirements
3. Calculate daily production requirements
4. Enter the outbound shipping requirements and delivery frequency
5. Determine inbound shipping method and delivery frequency.

Answer 20

Order

Question 21

Value stream mapping steps cont.

6. Add the process steps
7. Add ______ methods, add their frequency, show the direction with arrows
8. Add inventory quantities between every step of the entire flow
9. Determine total ____ ______ and delay

Answer 21

Communication, working time

Question 22

Focuses on the customer and provider interaction; defines three levels of interaction; each level has different management issues; identified potential failure points.

Answer 22

Service blueprinting

Question 23

focus on Human Resources; selection and training highly important; personalized services. This is part of the service process matrix

Answer 23

Mass service and professional service

Question 24

Automation of standardized services; restricted offerings; low labor intensity responds well to process technology and scheduling; tight control required to maintain standards; part of the service process matrix.

Answer 24

Service factory and service shop

Question 25

Increased precision, productivity and flexibility. Reduced environmental impact;

Answer 25

Machine technology

Question 26

Produces products by adding material, not removing it.

Answer 26

Additive manufacturing

Question 27

Improved data acquisition; reduced data entry errors; increases speed; increased scope of process automation

Answer 27

Automatic identification systems and RFID OR BAR CODES

Question 28

Real time monitoring and control of processes: sensors collect data, devices read data on periodic basis, measurements translated into digital signals then sent to a computer, computer programs analyze the data, resulting output may take numerous forms.

Answer 28

Process control

Question 29

____ systems:
Particular aid to inspection, consistently accurate, never bored, modest cost, superior to individuals performing the same tasks.

Answer 29

Vision

Question 30

Performs monotonous or dangerous tasks; perform tasks requiring significant strength or endurance; generally enhanced consistency and accuracy.

Answer 30

Robots

Question 31

Automated placement and withdrawal of parts and products; reduced errors and labor; particularly useful in inventory and test areas of manufacturing firms.

Answer 31

Automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS)

Question 32

Electronically guided and controlled carts; used for movement of products and or individuals

Answer 32

Automated guided vehicle (AGV)

Question 33

___ ____ systems:
Computer controls both the workstation and the material handling equipment; enhance flexibility and reduced waste; can economically produce low volumes but high variety; reduced changeover time and increased utilization; stringent communication requirement between components.

Answer 33

Flexible manufacturing systems

Question 34

____ ____ manufacturing: extend flexible manufacturing; backward to engineering and inventory control; forward into warehousing and shipping; can also include financial and customer service areas; reducing the distinction between low volume/high variety, and high volume/low variety production.

Answer 34

Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)

Question 35

The fundamental rethinking of business processes to bring about dramatic improvements in performance; relies on reevaluating the purpose of the process and questioning both the purpose and the underlying assumptions.

Answer 35

Process redesign

Question 36

Sustainability in production processes: 4 R’s

Answer 36

Resources, recycling, regulations and reputation