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Science > Chapter 7: Electricity and Magnetism > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Electricity and Magnetism Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is energy?

A

The ability to do work

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2
Q

State the forms of energy. (9)

A
  • Nuclear
  • Heat
  • Light
  • Kinetic
  • Chemical
  • Electrical
  • Sound
  • Chemical
  • Gravatational potential
  • Elastic potential
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3
Q

State the sources of energy.

A
  • Sun
  • Geothermal
  • Water
  • Biomass
  • Radioactive substance
  • wave
  • wind
  • fossil fuel
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4
Q

What is geothermal?

A

heat from inside the earth

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5
Q

How is biomass obtained?

A

remains of animals and plants

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6
Q

How is fossil fuels obtained?

A

-remains of the dead plants and animals

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7
Q

What are the 3 charges of electricity?

A

electron, proton and neutron

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8
Q

Does electron move?

A

yes

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9
Q

Does proton moves?

A

no

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10
Q

What will happen if the objects rubs the other?

A

Being rubbed- gain electron

Rubbing- loses electron

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11
Q

Like charges attract or repel?

A

repel

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12
Q

What is the function of an electroscope?

A

to detect the existence of electric charges on an object.

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13
Q

What will happen if a neutral strip is on the copper plate?

A

Gold leaf will not diverge, bc positive and negative are attracted

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14
Q

What will happen if a positively charged strip is on the copper plate?

A

it’ll diverge as same charges repel.

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15
Q

What will happen if a negatively charged strip is on the copper plate?

A

it’ll diverge as same charges repel.

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16
Q

How does lightning conductors work?

A
  • negative charges travels down to the earth

- lightning conductors contain positive charges

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17
Q

Why should we avoid wearing wool, polyester and nilon?

A

they are good at generating and holding electrostatic charge.

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18
Q

Why should we touch the metal part of the vehicles before pumping oil.

A

-to drain charges from the body to the ground

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19
Q

What is a Faraday cage?

A

earthed metal screen to remove electrostatic charges

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20
Q

What is the solution to the friction between the tank and the air?

A

metal chains are fixed to the back of the petrol tanker

→ enable charges to flow to Earth

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21
Q

What is an electric current?

A

the rate of flow of electric charges through conductor

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22
Q

What produced electric current?

A

charges flow in an electrical conductor

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23
Q

From where to where electrons flow?

A

from negative terminal to positive terminal.

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24
Q

From where to where electric current flow?

A

from positive terminal to negative terminal.

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25
Q

what is formed on the dome on the Van de Graff generator?

A

positive charges

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26
Q

What produces an electric current through galvanometer in Van de Graff generator?

A

the flowing of electrons

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27
Q

What is the use of ammeter?

A

measure electric current

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28
Q

Is there a suggestion that ammeter needs to connect to a specific circuit?

A

yes, series circuit

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29
Q

What is the use of voltmeter?

A

measure voltage

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30
Q

Is there a suggestion that voltmeter needs to connect to a specific cicuit?

A

yes, parallel circuit

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31
Q

What is voltage?

A

the force that moves charges from one point to another

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32
Q

What is the relationship between voltage and current?

A

the higher the voltage, the higher the current.

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33
Q

What are a group of dry cells?

A

battery

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34
Q

What is the relationship between volt and brightness?

A

the higher the volt, the brighter it is

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35
Q

What is the relationship between amphere and brightness?

A

the higher the amphere, the brighter it is

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36
Q

What is the relationship between resistance and current?

A

The larger the resistance, the smaller the current flow

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37
Q

What is resistance?

A

the ability of a conductor to limit or resist the flow of electric current

38
Q

What does the resistance of conductor depends on?

A 
MLDT
Material
Length
Diameter
Temperature
39
Q

What is a resistor?

A

An electrical component that resists the flow of current in the circuit

40
Q

What is the Ohm’s Law?

A

V=I x R

41
Q

What is voltage, current and resistance’s symbol?

A 
Voltage = V
Current = A
Resistance = Ω
42
Q

What is an electric circuit?

A

A complete path which enables electric current to flow

43
Q

State the symbols of a cell, battery, switch, bulb, buzzer, ammeter, voltmeter, motor, resistor and variable resistor

A

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZaLWDLzfHI9fnJoq00cwVTyG49gfX1-p/view?usp=sharing

44
Q

What is series circuit in chinese?

A

串联

45
Q

What is parallel circuit in chinese?

A

并联

46
Q

Are all the current same in series circuit?

A

Yes

47
Q

Are all the voltage same in series circuit?

A

No, the sum is the total voltage

48
Q

Are all resistance same in series cicuit?

A

No, the sum is the total resistance

49
Q

Why are all the current same in parallel circuit?

A

Bc all lamps are equal in brightness

50
Q

What is the benefit of using series circuit?

A
  • save wires
  • controlled using only one switch
  • Equal brightness
51
Q

What would happen if more dry cells are connected in series?

A

The voltage across each electrical component increase, the brightness of the bulbs increases

52
Q

What are the disadvantages of series circuit?

A
  • if one bulb spoils, all others will not function
  • Each electrical component cannot be controlled individually
  • when there is more electrical component, the resistance increases while the current decreases
53
Q

Are all the current same in parallel circuit?

A

No, the total is the sum of all currents

54
Q

Are all the voltage same in parallel circuit?

A

Yes

55
Q

Are all the resistance same in parallel circuit?

A

No, 1/R= 1/R1 + 1/R2 +1/R3

56
Q

What are the advantages of a parallel circuit?

A
  • If one spoils, others can still light up
  • Each electrical component can be controlled indicidually
  • If the electrical components increase, the function of other components are not affected
57
Q

What are the disadvantages of parallel circuit?

A
  • too many wires

- more bulbs, dry cells become weak and decreases faster

58
Q

What would happen if more electrical components are connected in parallel circuit?

A
  • voltage remains
  • brightness same
  • battery dries out quicker
59
Q

What is a magnet?

A

A substance that can produce a magnetic field and attract materials with magnetic properties.

60
Q

State some material with magnetic properties.

A
  • nickel
  • iron
  • cobalt
61
Q

State the properties of magnet (4)

A
  • attracts magnetic objects
  • has north and south poles
  • freely suspended magnet shows north-south direction
  • same poles repel, opposite poles attract each other.
62
Q

Can gold, silver and copper be attracted by magnet?

A

No

63
Q

Does magnetic poles come individually or in pairs?

A

ALWAYS in apirs

64
Q

Where will the south pole of magnet point to when hung freely?

A

Geografically north of Earth

65
Q

Where will the south pole of magnet point to when hung freely?

A

Geografically south of Earth

66
Q

What is a magnetic field?

A

The area where the force of magnetism acts on another magnet or magnetic object

67
Q

State the 3 characteristics of magnetic field lines

A
  • does not cross one another
  • begins at north pole, ends at south pole
  • lines are closer at the poles of magnet.
68
Q

State the relationship between the magnetic field lines and the magnetic field.

A

The closer the lines, the sronger the magnetic field

69
Q

What is a magnadur magnet?

A

ceramic magnets with their poles on their flat faces. (Example: fridge magnets)

70
Q

What does the direction of the compass needle shows?

A

the direction of magnetic field

71
Q

What is the point that doesn’t have any magnetic field called?

A

neutral point

72
Q

What is an electromagnet?

A

A material that has temporary magnetic effect when the electric current flows through the conductor.

73
Q

What is the relationship between the coverage of copper and the magnetic effect?

A

The more the copper wire covers, the stronger the magnetic effect.

74
Q

What is the relationship between current flow and magnetic effect?

A

When the current flows, magnetic effect is shown, if not, it’ll dissappear.

75
Q

What does the pattern and direction of magnetic field depends on?

A

-shape of conductor

76
Q

For straight wire, state the relationship between magnectic field and the current.

A

The magnetic is the strongest when close to the current and weaker when it furthur away

77
Q

State the pattern of magnetic field for straight wire.

A

circular magnetic field pattern

78
Q

What is the right hand grip rule?

A

method used to determine the direction of magnetic field by the direction of electric current.

79
Q

State the direction of magnetic field for straight wire if the current goes up.

A

anti-clockwise

80
Q

State the relationship between the magnetic field lines and magnetic field of coiled wire

A

Magnetic field is the strongest at the centre of the coil as magnetic field lines are closer

81
Q

State the pattern of magnetic field lines in the middle of coiled wire

A

straight

82
Q

Where is the magnetic field strongest in solenoid?

A

inside of the solenoid/ centre

83
Q

How to determine the direction of magnetic field in solenoid?

A

-Right-hand grip rule
→thumb points to north pole
→rest of fingers indicate the direction of current

-Looking at the current
→if current flows in clockwise, it’s south pole
→If current flows in anti-clockwise, it’s north pole

84
Q

What are the factors that influence the strength of electromagnet?

A
  • Magnitude of current

- Number of coils

85
Q

State the relationship between the current and the electromagnet.

A

The larger the amount of current, the stronger the electromagnet

86
Q

State the relationship of number of coils and the electromagnet.

A

The more the number of coils, the stronger the electromagnet.

87
Q

State 2 of the uses of magnet in everyday life.

A
  • Compass

- Maglev train

88
Q

What is the use of compass?

A

to determine direction of north,east,south,west using the magnet

89
Q

What is the benefit of using maglev tran?

A
  • minimal resistance

- high speed

90
Q

How does maglev train move?

A
  • one set of magnet repels and push the train up, off track

- another set to move by changing it’s pole.

Science (13 decks)

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