Chapter 7 - Distrubted/prevented Attachments

Question 1

What is separation?

Answer 1

Short term,temporary separation from an attachment figure

Question 2

What is the the maternal deprivation hypothesis?

Answer 2

Disruption of attachment bond with the mother,leads to serious,permanent damage to emotional and intellectual development

Question 3

whats institutionalisation?

Answer 3

• the adverse/negative effects on children of being placed in an institution,these effects may be on the childs cognitive emotional or social development
• people may loose their sense of identity and conform to the norms and rules of the institution

Question 4

whats institutional care?

Answer 4

residential (24 hour) care in an orphanage or other unit with other children and a paid member of staff

Question 5

what are the negative effects of maternal deprivation?

Answer 5

• emotional problems
• personality problems
• relationship problems
• poor physical development

Question 6

what were the three stages of distress that Bowlby found when investigating the effects of temporary disruption of attachment?

Answer 6

1) protest-cry,screams
2) despair- comforts itself
3) detachment - child responds in an artificial way

Question 7

what study looked into the negative effects of short term separation ? aim?

Answer 7

Robertson and Roberton 1971

aim-to see if the type of care received during the seperation would affect the childs reaction.

Question 8

method of Robertson and Robertsons study?

Answer 8

method

• they liked after 4 children in their own home that the children were familiar with
• a fifth child named ‘john’ was about 1 and a half years old and had been put in a nursery for 9 days with little emotion care

Question 9

results of robertson and robertson study?

Answer 9

4 raised at home- showed signs of distress but generally functioned well and didn’t reject mum on reunion
john - at first he was fine but when he wasn’t getting any attention he cried,sought comfort in a large teddy and stopped playing.On reunion he screamed and struggled

Question 10

what was the conclusion of robertsons and robertson study?

Answer 10

the negative effects of short term disrupted attachment can be reduced through good quality care

Question 11

evaluation points of robertson and robertson study?

Answer 11

ethical issues-regarding the privacy of the children when being filmed

• observation was rich in qualitative data allowing us to gain a detailed picture of the effects of separation on these children
• robertson and robertson may be biased about the children they looked after

Question 12

what study looked into the longer term effects of disruption of attachment?

Answer 12

Hetherington Et AL

Aimed to study the consequences of divorce on young children by comparing them to a control group on ‘intact families’

Question 13

results of hetheringtons study?

Answer 13

immediately after divorce- children showed negative consequences compared to boys
2&4 years after-girls were no different to control group yet boys were found to be more disruptive and aggressive

Question 14

how does hetheringtons results challenge Bobbles MDH hypothesis?

Answer 14

they suggest that the disruption of attachment to the father may also have negative consequences

Question 15

practical implications of research on disruption of attachment studies?

Answer 15

• parents are now allowed to visit their children in hospital
• society now encourages both parents to stay involved with a childs life