Chapter 7 - Cranial Bones

Question 0

What does the frontal bone form?

Answer 0

. The forehead
. Roofs of the orbits
. Most of the anterior cranial floor.

Question 1

What are the cranial bones?

Answer 1

. Frontal 
. 2 parietal 
. 2 temporal
. Occipital
. Sphenoid
. Ethmoid.

Question 2

What do the 2 parietal bones form?

Answer 2

. Most of the cranial roof

. Sides of the cranial cavity

Question 3

What do the 2 temporal bones form?

Answer 3

. Lower lateral sides of skull

. Part of cranial floor

Question 4

What are the temporal bones?

Answer 4

. Zygomatic process - joint with cheek bone
. Mandibular fossa - joint with lower jaw bone
. External auditory meatus - ear canals
. Mastoid process - point of attachment for muscles
. Styloid process - point of attachment for muscle

Question 5

What does the occipital bone form and what are the landmarks?

Answer 5

The occipital bone forms the posterior skull surface and most of the base of the skull.

The landmarks are:
. Occipital condyles - connect to spine
. Foremen magnum - open, allowing medulla oblongata to connect with spinal cord

Question 6

What does the sphenoid bone form?

Answer 6

. Keystone bone of the cranial floor
. Forms part of orbits
. Forms part of nasal cavity

*Has a unique saddle shape

Question 7

What are the Major landmarks of the sphenoid bone?

Answer 7

Greater and lesser wings - cranial floor

Question 8

What is the Optic foramen?

Answer 8

The opening for nerves leaving the brain on the sphenoid bone.

Question 9

What is the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 9

The opening for the nerves leading to the eyes on the sphenoid bone.

Question 10

What is the pterygoid process?

Answer 10

The attachment site for muscles that move the mandible (part of sphenoid bone)

Question 11

Where is the ethmoid bone?

Answer 11

. Ethmoid bone is medial to the eyes

Question 12

What does the ethmoid bone form?

Answer 12

. Olfactory foramina: opening for smell sensations
. Christa galli: point of attachment for membranes separating two sides of the brain
. Superior and middle nasal concha: designed to increase mucus surface area

Question 13

What are the 8 different types of facial bones?

Answer 13

. 2 nasal 
. 2 maxillae
. 2 zygomatic 
. 2 lacrimal
. 2 palatine 
. 2 inferior nasal conchae
. vomer
. Mandible

Question 14

What does the nasal form?

Answer 14

Top part of the nose

Question 15

What does the Maxillae form?

Answer 15

Forms the upper jaw

Question 16

What does the zygomatic form?

Answer 16

Forms the cheek bones

Question 17

What does the lacrimal form?

Answer 17

These are the smallest face bones located near the tear ducts forming part of the orbits.

Question 18

What does the palatine form?

Answer 18

Form part if the hard palate, nasal cavity and orbits

Question 19

What does the inferior nasal concha form?

Answer 19

Forms the lower lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Question 20

What does the vomer form?

Answer 20

Floor of the nasal cavity and lower portion of the nasal septum

Question 21

What is the mandible and what are its major landmarks?

Answer 21

The lower jaw bone and only moveable bone of the skull.
Major landmarks:
. Body
. Ramus: perpendicular arches
. Condylar process: joins mandible with temporal bone
. Coronado process: area for muscle attachment
. alveoli: sockets for the teeth

Question 22

What are the 5 unique features of the skull?

Answer 22

. Nasal septum
. Orbits 
. Paranasal sinuses
. Sutures 
. Fontanels

Question 23

What are the 4 pars nasal sinuses and why the cavities important in voice?

Answer 23

. Frontal sinus
. Ethmoidal sinus
. Sphenoidal sinus
. Maxillary sinus

When excess mucus blocks the cavities (resonating chambers) your voice is altered.

Question 24

What are the 4 sutures and what do they unite on the skull?

Answer 24

. Coronal suture: unites frontal bones and parietal bones
. Sagittal suture: unites parietal bones on superior midline
. Lambdoid suture: unites parietal bones to occipital bone
. Squamous suture: unites parietal and temporal bones on the lateral sides of the skull

Question 25

What are the 4 prominent fontanels and why are they special?

Answer 25

. Anterior fontanel
. Posterior fontanel
. Anteriorlateral fontanels
. Posteriorlateral fontanels

These are only I’m infant and child skulls before they fuse to become sutures

Question 26

What does the hyoid bones do and why is it unique?

Answer 26

. Hyoid bone supports the tongue pharynx and larynx muscles
. The greater and lesser horns of the bone Andre muscle attachment sites

The hyoid is unique as it does NOT ARTICULATE with ANY other bone

Question 27

What are the axial bones in skeleton

Answer 27

. Skull: cranial and facial bones
. Hyoid bone
. Auditory ossicles
. Vertebral column
. Thorax: sternum and ribs

Question 28

What are the bones of the appendicular skeleton and point to them!

Answer 28

. Pectoral girdles: scapula and clavicle
. Upper limbs: humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
. Pelvic girdle: ilium, ischium, pubis
. Lower limbs: femur, patella, fibula. Tibia, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Question 29

What are the 5 sections and how many bones are they comprised of in the vertebral column?

Answer 29

. 7 cervical 
. 12 thoracic
. 5 lumbar
. 1 sacrum
. 1 coccyx

(26 bones)