Chapter 13 - The Central Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

What purpose does the spinal cord serve?

A

. Pathway for information to and from the brain

. Controls rapid reactions to specific stimuli

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1
Q

What does the brain control?

A

Thoughts, memories and behaviours

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2
Q

What are the major divisions of CNS in regards to the brains and spinal cord?

A

BRAIN
. Cerebrum: left and right hemispheres
. Diencephlon: includes thalamus and hypothalamus
. Brain stem: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
. cerebellum: posterior segment

SPINAL CORD
. extends inferiorly from brain stem to level of first or second lumbar vertebrae

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3
Q

What protects the CNS?

A

SKELETAL: Skull (brain), vertebrae (spinal cord)

MENINGES: 3 connective tissue layers, cranial and spinal meninges are continuous to each other.

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID: Fluid in a space between meninges and inside the brain cavity.

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4
Q

What makes up the meninges?

A

dura matter, arachnoid matter, pia mater

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5
Q

What makes up Dura Matter?

A
  • Strongest, dense, irregular connective tissue
  • Adheres to periosteum of cranial bones:
    . 3 extensions to separate portions of the brains
    .double layer forms dural sinuses
  • Separated from spinal cord by epidural space
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6
Q

What makes up Arachnoid Matter?

A
  • Avascular web of delicate collagen and elastic fibres

- Separated from dura matter by subdural space

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7
Q

What makes up Pia Matter?

A
  • Transparent and adheres to brain surface and spinal cord

- separated from arachnoid by subarachnoid space

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8
Q

What are the spaces associated with Meninges?

A
  • Dural Sinuses: brain only (blood from brain to internal jugular veins)
  • Subdural space: brain and spinal cord (interstitial fluid)
  • Epidural space: spinal cord only (fat and connective tissue, interstitial fluid)
  • Subarachnoid space: brain and spinal cord (cerebrospinal fluid, denticulate ligaments extend from pia matter to fuse with arachnoid mater to protect the spinal cord from sudden displacement)
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