Chapter 7- Cardiorespiratory Responses To Acute Exercise

Question 1

Stroke volume(SV)

Answer 1

Increases to meet the demands of physical stress placed on the body

Question 2

Cardiac output(Q)

Answer 2

Linear relationship between the intensity of the workout and the cardiac output

Question 3

Blood pressure(BP)
 During exercise

Answer 3

Systolic blood pressure increases during maximal exercise

Distal blood pressure has little change during exercise

Question 4

Blood flow

Answer 4

Increases during exercise because of the demand for oxygen and the exercise intensity

Question 5

What is the beats per minute on a highly trained athlete at resting heart rate?

Answer 5

28-40 bpm

Question 6

Resting heart rate is affected by environmental factors.

What happens during hot weather?

What happens during altitude?

Answer 6

Heart rate is increased with increased temperature because more blood is transported to the skin to dissipate heat which decreases the overall volume of blood in the body

Altitude makes it more difficult to inspire oxygen at altitude than at sea level

Question 7

After 15 years of age the maximum heart rate declines by how many beats per year?

Answer 7

1 beat per year

Question 8

Max heart rate can be estimated by what formula?

Answer 8

Max heart rate=208-(0.7 x age in years)

Question 9

Four factors that determine stroke

Answer 9

1. The volume of venous blood returns to the heart (preload)
2. Ventricular distensibility (capacity enlarge)
3. Ventricular contractility( hearts ability to contract)
4. Aortic or pulmonary artery pressure(afterload)

Question 10

Stroke volume do usually plateaus @ what % of VO2 max

Answer 10

40 to 60%

Question 11

Valsalva maneuver

Answer 11

Trying to exhale against a closed throat(glottis)

Question 12

Value of valsalva maneuver (4)

Answer 12

1. Increases spinal stability and support
2. Reduces compression forces on the vertebral disks
3. Helps establish a flat back posture
4. Do not hold for more than 1 to 2 seconds

Question 13

Cardiovascular drift

Answer 13

Influence by temperature hydration and the amount of muscle tissue activated during exercise

Prolonged aerobic exercise in hot environments decrease stroke volume and increase heart rate

Question 14

Oxygen content and blood at rest

Answer 14

Arterial blood minus Venios content

(A-v)O2 = ml per 100 ml of blood

Question 15

What happens to plasma volume with prolonged exercise

Answer 15

It reduces by 10 to 15%

Question 16

Excessive plasma volume loss can result in

Answer 16

Impaired performance, (dehydration) as little as 3% loss of water

Question 17

Hemoconcentration

Answer 17

Cellular and protein portion of the blood becomes a larger portion of the total blood volume

Question 18

What percentage is the red blood cell concentration increased by

Answer 18

20 to 25%

Question 19

Lactic acid

Answer 19

Reduces ability to contract and leads to burning sensation and to failure

Question 20

Dyspnea

Answer 20

Shortness of breath

Question 21

Acidosis (due to over training)

Answer 21

Increased acidity in the blood and other body tissue( increase hydrogen ion concentration)

Question 22

Heart rate

Answer 22

Heart rate increases with the intensity of exercise