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physiology > Chapter 5- Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

The size of ones heart

A

Size of own fist

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2
Q

Location of heart

A

Left center

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3
Q

The heart is protected by ?

A

Pericardium, enclosed sack

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4
Q

Pericardial fluid

A

Within pericardium

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5
Q

What is the most powerful chamber and the largest?

A

Left ventricle

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6
Q

True or false the left ventricle increases with exercise training

A

True

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7
Q

Another word for Heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

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8
Q

The right side of the heart is known as

A

Pulmonary side

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9
Q

The left side of the heart is known as

A

Systemic side

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10
Q

Sinoatrial node (SA)

A

A group of specialized cardiac fibers located in the upper posterior wall of the right atrium

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11
Q

Atrioventricular node (AV)

A

Conducts the impulse from the atria to the ventricles

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12
Q

Bundle of his

A

Send the impulse to the apex of the heart and then outward

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13
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

Bundle branches that subdivide off the bundle of hiss

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14
Q

The Vagus nerve when stimulated releases

A

Acetylcholine (ach)

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15
Q

Amount of heartbeats (normal)

A

60-80 beats

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16
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Increase heart rate and force of cardiac contraction during physical or emotional stress

maximal sympathetic stimulation, HR=250 bpm

17
Q

During sympathetic stimulation what is released and from where?

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from adrenal medulla

18
Q

Bradycardia

A

Resting heart rate below 60 bpm

19
Q

Tachycardia

A

Resting heart rate above 100 bpm

20
Q

Premature ventricular contraction’s(PVCs)

A

skipped or extra beats

21
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia

A

Three or more consecutive PVCs

22
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

Contraction of the ventricular tissue is uncoordinated and can result in cardiac death

23
Q

Arteries

A

Transport blood from the heart to the tissue and back

24
Q

Normal resting blood pressure

A

120/80

25
Q

Hypertension of blood pressure

A

140/90

26
Q

Pre-hypertension

A

121-139/81-89

27
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Radius of the vessel decreases decreasing blood flow

28
Q

Vasodilation

A

Radius of the vessel increase is increasing blood flow

29
Q

Blood viscosity

A

Thickness of blood

30
Q

True or false normal atmospheric air is nearly 21%

A

True

31
Q

What helps red blood cells carry oxygen to the tissues

A

Hemoglobin

32
Q

Major cardiovascular functions

A
  • delivery of oxygen and other nutrients
  • removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste
  • transportation of hormones
  • maintenance of ph balance & body fluid balance
  • immune function

physiology (12 decks)

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